Zhao Qingying, Li Junsheng, Tan Zhao, Li Wenjie, Zhang Zemin, Guan Xiao, Li Jinhua
Institute of Ecology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Ecological Processes and Functions Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Institute of Ecology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; China Geological Survey, Beijing 100055, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2025 May 1;975:179249. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179249. Epub 2025 Apr 5.
Antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) co-contamination is prevalent in Sb mining areas and poses significant risks to the surrounding ecological environment. However, the extent of this co-contamination and the impact of key environmental variables and long-term exposure on the microbial communities remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study assessed Sb-As levels in three representative antimony mining areas in Southwest China and explored the relationships between microorganisms and environmental variables. The results indicated that the concentrations of soil Sb ranged from 6.90 to 50,794.07 mg/kg and As from 4.56 to 8798.86 mg/kg. The potential ecological risk index (RI) in mining and smelting areas surpassed 260, indicating a significantly high risk level. Sb-As predominantly exist as residual fractions. pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and interactions between Sb-As are critical factors influencing the transformation of their chemical fractions. Sb-As exposure altered the microbial community structure and diversity, with positive correlations dominating the co-network. Spearman correlation, redundancy analysis (RDA), canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), and random forest analysis (RF) indicated that the total concentration of Sb-As, the bioavailable fractions of Sb-As, pH, oxidation-reduction potential (Eh), and EC were the main variables affecting the microbial community. Variation partition analysis (VPA) indicated that Sb-As and their chemical fractions explained more microbial community variation than the physicochemical properties. Moreover, the bioavailable fractions were an even more significant variable influencing the microbial communities than the total concentrations of Sb-As. In-depth research on the ecological impact of Sb-As on microbial communities provides valuable insights for environmental monitoring and management.
锑（Sb）和砷（As）的共同污染在锑矿区普遍存在，对周围生态环境构成重大风险。然而，这种共同污染的程度以及关键环境变量和长期暴露对微生物群落的影响仍知之甚少。因此，本研究评估了中国西南地区三个典型锑矿区的锑-砷含量，并探讨了微生物与环境变量之间的关系。结果表明，土壤中锑的浓度范围为6.90至50794.07mg/kg，砷的浓度范围为4.56至8798.86mg/kg。采矿和冶炼区的潜在生态风险指数（RI）超过260，表明风险水平极高。锑-砷主要以残留态存在。pH值、电导率（EC）以及锑-砷之间的相互作用是影响其化学形态转化的关键因素。锑-砷暴露改变了微生物群落结构和多样性，共网络中以正相关为主。Spearman相关性分析、冗余分析（RDA）、典范对应分析（CCA）和随机森林分析（RF）表明，锑-砷的总浓度、锑-砷的生物可利用态组分、pH值、氧化还原电位（Eh）和EC是影响微生物群落的主要变量。变异分解分析（VPA）表明，锑-砷及其化学形态对微生物群落变异的解释比理化性质更多。此外，生物可利用态组分比锑-砷的总浓度更是影响微生物群落的重要变量。对锑-砷对微生物群落的生态影响进行深入研究，为环境监测和管理提供了有价值的见解。
