Barresi Costanza, Baldo Francesco, Menean Matteo, Marino Achille, Costi Stefania, Chighizola Cecilia B, Caporali Roberto F, Miserocchi Elisabetta
Department of Ophthalmology IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Department of Ophthalmology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2025 Jan 2;39(1):31-40. doi: 10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_153_24. eCollection 2025 Jan-Mar.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatologic disorder in children, posing significant physical and emotional challenges due to its chronic nature and the need for prolonged immunosuppressive therapies. Uveitis is the most common extra-articular manifestation of JIA, and it can be a sight-threatening condition. Despite advances in biologic treatments, JIA continues to present substantial therapeutic challenges, necessitating multiple treatment attempts and close monitoring for secondary failures. JIA-associated uveitis remains one of the most challenging and aggressive types of uveitis, particularly in children, due to its early onset, chronicity, and limited therapeutic responses despite new treatments. Early recognition and prompt treatment of both arthritis and uveitis are essential for achieving sustained remission and preventing complications. Effective management of JIA-uveitis requires a collaborative approach between pediatric rheumatologists and ophthalmologists to ensure timely assessments, regular screenings, and necessary therapy adjustments. This integrated care approach is crucial for achieving optimal outcomes. Therefore, this review aims to extensively analyze the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy of JIA and its associated uveitis.
幼年特发性关节炎（JIA）是儿童中最常见的风湿性疾病，因其慢性病程以及需要长期免疫抑制治疗，给患儿带来了重大的身体和情感挑战。葡萄膜炎是JIA最常见的关节外表现，可导致视力受损。尽管生物治疗取得了进展，但JIA仍然面临着巨大的治疗挑战，需要多次尝试治疗并密切监测继发性失败情况。JIA相关葡萄膜炎仍然是最具挑战性和侵袭性的葡萄膜炎类型之一，尤其是在儿童中，这是由于其发病早、病程慢性，且尽管有新的治疗方法，但治疗反应有限。早期识别并及时治疗关节炎和葡萄膜炎对于实现持续缓解和预防并发症至关重要。有效管理JIA-葡萄膜炎需要儿科风湿病学家和眼科医生之间的协作，以确保及时评估、定期筛查和必要的治疗调整。这种综合护理方法对于实现最佳治疗效果至关重要。因此，本综述旨在广泛分析JIA及其相关葡萄膜炎的发病机制、诊断和治疗。
