Feld R, Valdivieso M, Bodey G P, Rodriguez V
J Infect Dis. 1977 Jan;135(1):61-6. doi: 10.1093/infdis/135.1.61.
Two new aminoglycoside antibiotics, tobramycin and amikacin, were compared in a randomized study of the treatment of infections in patients with cancer. For the identified infections, the response rate for tobramycin was 60% and for amikacin was 64%. Pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and septicemia were the most frequent infections. Most (78%) of the identified pathogens were gram-negative bacilli; Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most frequently isolated organisms. When only infections due to gram-negative bacilli were considered, 67% responded to tobramycin and 69% responded to amikacin. All infections except pneumonias had at least a 50% response rate to either antibiotic. The major form of toxicity of both antibiotics was azotemia and occurred in 22% of cases treated with tobramycin and in 20% treated with amikacin. Tobramycin and amikacin are equally effective in the treatment of gram-negative infections and have similar toxicity.
在一项针对癌症患者感染治疗的随机研究中，对两种新型氨基糖苷类抗生素妥布霉素和阿米卡星进行了比较。对于确诊的感染，妥布霉素的有效率为60%，阿米卡星为64%。肺炎、尿路感染和败血症是最常见的感染。大多数（78%）确诊的病原体为革兰氏阴性杆菌；肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌是最常分离出的微生物。仅考虑由革兰氏阴性杆菌引起的感染时，67%的患者对妥布霉素有反应，69%的患者对阿米卡星有反应。除肺炎外，所有感染对这两种抗生素中任一种的有效率至少为50%。两种抗生素的主要毒性形式均为氮质血症，接受妥布霉素治疗的病例中有22%出现该症状，接受阿米卡星治疗的病例中有20%出现该症状。妥布霉素和阿米卡星在治疗革兰氏阴性感染方面同样有效，且毒性相似。
