Meyer R D, Lewis R P, Carmalt E D, Finegold S M
Ann Intern Med. 1975 Dec;83(6):790-800. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-83-6-790.
Amikacin is a new aminoglycoside antibiotic pharmacologically similar to kanamycin. It has a wide range of activity against Gram-negative bacilli, including many resistant to gentamicin. Thirty-six serious Gram-negative bacillary infections were treated with amikacin. Twenty-nine patients (80-6%) responded (cured or improved). Twelve of 13 patients with gentamicin-resistant pathogens responded. Minor ototoxicity occurred in 6 patients and was associated with prolonged therapy or previous aminoglycoside therapy. Possible nephrotoxicity with amikacin was found in 6 patients. Amikacin should be used primarily to treat suspected or known gentamicin-resistant pathogens.
阿米卡星是一种新型氨基糖苷类抗生素，在药理学上与卡那霉素相似。它对革兰氏阴性杆菌具有广泛的活性，包括许多对庆大霉素耐药的菌株。用阿米卡星治疗了36例严重的革兰氏阴性杆菌感染。29例患者（80.6%）有反应（治愈或好转）。13例有庆大霉素耐药病原体的患者中有12例有反应。6例患者出现轻微耳毒性，这与治疗时间延长或先前使用氨基糖苷类药物治疗有关。6例患者发现有阿米卡星可能导致的肾毒性。阿米卡星应主要用于治疗疑似或已知对庆大霉素耐药的病原体。
