Shin Yunjin, Bae Hanyoung, Lee Chaelin, Rhee Inmoo
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea.
Arch Pharm Res. 2025 Apr;48(4):293-304. doi: 10.1007/s12272-025-01540-6. Epub 2025 Apr 5.
Macrophages are crucial to innate immunity, eliminating pathogens and damaged tissues through phagocytosis and modulating immune responses. Recently, macrophage extracellular traps (METs) have been identified as chromatin-based structures composed of DNA and various immune-related proteins. While METs play a defensive role in trapping and neutralizing pathogens, they are also implicated in disease pathology, contributing to chronic inflammation, tissue damage, and immune dysregulation. The precise mechanisms regulating MET formation are still under investigation, but emerging evidence indicates the involvement of various regulatory factors. Dysregulated MET activity has been associated with various diseases, including autoimmune disorders, cancer, and neurological conditions. A deeper understanding of MET mechanisms and their pathological impact may offer novel therapeutic strategies. Given the limited number of reviews and articles on METs, this review provides valuable insights into MET formation, regulatory pathways, and their role in disease progression.
巨噬细胞对固有免疫至关重要，通过吞噬作用清除病原体和受损组织，并调节免疫反应。最近，巨噬细胞胞外陷阱（METs）已被鉴定为由DNA和各种免疫相关蛋白组成的基于染色质的结构。虽然METs在捕获和中和病原体方面发挥防御作用，但它们也与疾病病理学有关，导致慢性炎症、组织损伤和免疫失调。调节MET形成的精确机制仍在研究中，但新出现的证据表明各种调节因子参与其中。MET活性失调与多种疾病有关，包括自身免疫性疾病、癌症和神经系统疾病。对MET机制及其病理影响的更深入了解可能会提供新的治疗策略。鉴于关于METs的综述和文章数量有限，本综述提供了关于MET形成、调节途径及其在疾病进展中作用的宝贵见解。
