Tang Shoujie, Xing Ying, Geletu Temesgen Tola, Zhao Jinliang
Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai China.
Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai China.
Ecol Evol. 2025 Apr 3;15(4):e71118. doi: 10.1002/ece3.71118. eCollection 2025 Apr.
The redbelly tilapia () is one of the most dangerous invasive alien fishes in the world. In order to better understand the feeding patterns of invasive populations in different habitats and seasons, and to reveal the possible force of differences in dietary composition among populations, we used DNA metabarcoding technology to analyze the dietary composition of 23 specimens from five different water bodies (two rivers and three reservoirs) in southern China, and 60 specimens from Shuikou Reservoir in four seasons (spring, summer, fall, and winter). The results showed that samples from five different water bodies and four seasons in Shuikou Reservoir were annotated to a total of 22 and 37 phyla of food categories, respectively. Generalist trophic strategies were dominant in populations. There was significant spatial heterogeneity in the diet composition, with higher levels of trophic diversity in riverine populations. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and conductivity were important environmental factors driving changes in prey taxa of populations from different habitats. The dietary composition of populations in Shuikou Reservoir showed significant seasonal heterogeneity, with summer being the season with the highest level of trophic diversity. Total nitrogen, turbidity degree, pH, and permanganate index were the important environmental factors driving the prey taxa changes of populations in different seasons of Shuikou Reservoir. Our results indicated that are omnivorous; they have a wide range of recipes in both rivers and reservoirs in southern China, and show high trophic plasticity in different habitats and at different seasons of the year.
红肚罗非鱼（）是世界上最危险的外来入侵鱼类之一。为了更好地了解不同栖息地和季节入侵种群的摄食模式，并揭示种群间饮食组成差异的可能驱动因素，我们利用DNA宏条形码技术分析了中国南方五个不同水体（两条河流和三个水库）的23个样本以及水口水库四个季节（春、夏、秋、冬）的60个样本的饮食组成。结果表明，来自五个不同水体和水口水库四个季节的样本分别被注释到总共22个和37个食物类别的门类。广食性营养策略在种群中占主导地位。饮食组成存在显著的空间异质性，河流种群的营养多样性水平较高。水温、溶解氧和电导率是驱动不同栖息地种群猎物类群变化的重要环境因素。水口水库种群的饮食组成表现出显著的季节异质性，夏季是营养多样性水平最高的季节。总氮、浊度、pH值和高锰酸盐指数是驱动水口水库不同季节种群猎物类群变化的重要环境因素。我们的结果表明，红肚罗非鱼是杂食性的；它们在中国南方的河流和水库中食谱广泛，并且在一年中的不同栖息地和不同季节表现出较高的营养可塑性。
