Gonin Audrey, Lévesque Sylvie, Lespérance Paule, Dubois Cindy, Rodrigue Marianne
Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Centre de Santé des Femmes de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Can J Public Health. 2025 Apr 8. doi: 10.17269/s41997-025-01018-4.
This study aimed to examine the association between immigration status and women's contraceptive practices based on population data from government surveys.
A secondary data analysis was conducted on the Quebec Population Health Survey (2014-2015), which aimed to represent 98.8% of the population of Quebec aged 15 years and older through stratified sampling and data weighting (response rate of 61%). Univariate and multivariable analyses were used to compare contraceptive practices between immigrant and Canadian-born women. Two dependent variables were considered: (1) women who used contraception vs. no contraceptive method of any kind, and (2) among women who used contraception, those who used methods that required them to access health care (birth control pill, IUD, or tubal ligation) vs. women who used other methods (condom, coitus interruptus, other).
The logistic regression results revealed a strong association between immigration status and contraceptive practices, at two levels: (1) immigrant women had lower odds to use contraception than Canadian-born women; and (2) of the women who use contraception, immigrants had lower odds than those born in Canada to use feminine medical contraception. These findings held true for immigrant women regardless of the number of years they have spent in Canada. Women who lived in low-income households or who had not had a medical consultation for more than one year also had lower odds to use feminine medical contraception.
Barriers in access to contraceptive care interfere with women's reproductive health and autonomy. The lower odds for immigrant women to use contraception, and particularly the most effective methods, suggest that their contraceptive care needs are at least partially unmet or inadequately addressed. This is concerning given that other studies show no differences in fertility intention between immigrant and Canadian-born women, and high rates of abortion for immigrant women.
本研究旨在根据政府调查的人口数据，探讨移民身份与女性避孕措施之间的关联。
对魁北克人口健康调查（2014 - 2015年）进行二次数据分析，该调查旨在通过分层抽样和数据加权（回复率为61%）来代表魁北克15岁及以上人口的98.8%。采用单变量和多变量分析比较移民女性和加拿大出生女性的避孕措施。考虑了两个因变量：（1）使用避孕措施的女性与未使用任何避孕方法的女性；（2）在使用避孕措施的女性中，使用需要就医的方法（避孕药、宫内节育器或输卵管结扎）的女性与使用其他方法（避孕套、体外射精、其他）的女性。
逻辑回归结果显示，在两个层面上，移民身份与避孕措施之间存在强烈关联：（1）移民女性使用避孕措施的几率低于加拿大出生的女性；（2）在使用避孕措施的女性中，移民使用女性医学避孕方法的几率低于加拿大出生的女性。无论移民女性在加拿大居住了多少年，这些发现都成立。生活在低收入家庭或一年多未进行过医疗咨询的女性使用女性医学避孕方法的几率也较低。
获得避孕护理的障碍会干扰女性的生殖健康和自主权。移民女性使用避孕措施，尤其是最有效的方法的几率较低，这表明她们的避孕护理需求至少部分未得到满足或未得到充分解决。鉴于其他研究表明移民女性和加拿大出生女性在生育意愿上没有差异，且移民女性的堕胎率较高，这令人担忧。
