Comparative evaluation of efficacy of volume stable collagen matrix in interdental papilla reconstruction as compared to connective tissue graft in maxillary esthetic region: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES

The present study compared and evaluated the efficacy of volume-stable collagen matrix (VCMX) and subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) in interdental papilla reconstruction.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Participants with class II interdental papilla loss (n = 36) were randomly assigned to test (VCMX) and control (SCTG) groups. Papillary height (PH), distance from the contact point to the tip of the papilla (CP-TP), keratinized tissue width (KTW), gingival tissue thickness (GT), and periodontal parameters were assessed at baseline,1, 3, and 6 months. Patient comfort and healing were also evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS) at 1 week and healing index (HI) at 1,2 and 3 weeks post-operatively.

RESULTS

On intragroup comparison from baseline to 6 months, a statistically significant gain in papillary height, reduction in CP-TP, and an increase in KTW and GT was found in both groups (p = 0.001). Both groups found statistically significant improvement in the healing index from 1 to 3 weeks (p = 0.001). On intergroup comparison, VCMX showed comparable results to SCTG at 6 months, while VAS showed a statistically lower value in VCMX than SCTG (p = 0.044).

CONCLUSIONS

VCMX and SCTG were found to be equally effective in interdental papilla reconstruction in terms of gain in papillary height and reduction in CP-TP distance. VCMX resulted in less post-operative pain compared to SCTG.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

VCMX may be preferred for interdental papilla reconstruction by clinicians and individuals due to its unlimited availability, which eliminates the need for an additional harvest site and reduces morbidity.