Zhang Mei-Wei, Sun Ming-Zhu, Wu Yan, Wu Chun-Hong, Song Hui-Jie, Hu Dan-Dan, Xia Jing, Sun Hua, Liu Kai-Lou
Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Arable Land Improvement and Quality Enhancement, Nanchang, 331717, Jiangxi, China.
Jiangxi Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Nanchang, 330046, Jiangxi, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 8;15(1):12008. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-96700-5.
Oyster shell powder enhances soil quality by mitigating acidification and improving fertility, boosting crop yields. However, its efficacy in immobilizing cadmium (Cd) in paddy soils remains uncertain. We performed a field experiment from 2014 to 2018 and assessed four treatments of oyster shell powder: 0 kg/ha (L0), 750 kg/ha (L750), 1,500 kg/ha (L1500), and 2,250 kg/ha (L2250). From 2014 to 2018, grain yield among all treatments was assessed at maturity, and Cd of grain, soil pH, and available Cd content were measured. Our results revealed that oyster shell powder significantly increased rice yields compared to L0, with L750, L1500, and L2250 treatments enhancing yields by 0.53-3.07% (average value of 1.80%), 3.20-7.61% (average value of 5.41%), and 4.19-10.96% (average value of 7.58%), respectively. Simultaneously, the Cd concentration in rice grains decreased by 3.57-5.51%, 7.14-16.34%, and 9.91-19.84% for L750, L1500, and L2250, respectively, with L2250 demonstrating the most effective Cd reduction. Additionally, soil pH increased by 0.12-0.39, 0.20-0.60, and 0.38-0.79 units, while soil bioavailable Cd decreased by 5.71-13.04%, 10.39-15.46%, and 14.73-18.84% for L750, L1500, and L2250, respectively. Further analysis indicated that over five years of continuous application, a 0.1-unit increase in soil pH correlated with a reduction of 0.42-0.82 mg/kg in Cd levels in rice grains, while a 0.1 mg/kg reduction in bioavailable Cd in the soil corresponded to a 0.07-0.16 mg/kg decrease in Cd in rice grains. In conclusion, five years of continuous application of oyster shell powder effectively mitigated soil acidification and reduced Cd bioavailability, increasing rice yields and diminishing Cd accumulation in rice grains. Higher application rates of oyster shell powder (up to 2,250 kg/ha) resulted in more pronounced acid control, Cd immobilization, and yield enhancements.
牡蛎壳粉通过减轻土壤酸化和提高土壤肥力来提升土壤质量，从而提高作物产量。然而，其在水稻土中固定镉（Cd）的效果仍不确定。我们在2014年至2018年进行了一项田间试验，评估了四种牡蛎壳粉处理：0千克/公顷（L0）、750千克/公顷（L750）、1500千克/公顷（L1500）和2250千克/公顷（L2250）。在2014年至2018年期间，在成熟期评估了所有处理的谷物产量，并测量了谷物中的镉、土壤pH值和有效镉含量。我们的结果显示，与L0相比，牡蛎壳粉显著提高了水稻产量，L750、L1500和L2250处理分别使产量提高了0.53 - 3.07%（平均值为1.80%）、3.20 - 7.61%（平均值为5.41%）和4.19 - 10.96%（平均值为7.58%）。同时，L750、L1500和L2250处理使水稻籽粒中的镉浓度分别降低了3.57 - 5.51%、7.14 - 16.34%和9.91 - 19.84%，其中L2250处理在降低镉含量方面效果最为显著。此外，L750、L1500和L2250处理使土壤pH值分别提高了0.12 - 0.39、0.20 - 0.60和0.38 - 0.79个单位，土壤有效镉分别降低了5.71 - 13.04%、10.39 - 15.46%和14.73 - 18.84%。进一步分析表明，连续五年施用后，土壤pH值每增加0.1个单位，水稻籽粒中的镉含量降低0.42 - 0.82毫克/千克，而土壤中有效镉每降低0.1毫克/千克，水稻籽粒中的镉含量降低0.07 - 0.16毫克/千克。总之，连续五年施用牡蛎壳粉有效地减轻了土壤酸化，降低了镉的生物有效性，提高了水稻产量，并减少了水稻籽粒中的镉积累。较高的牡蛎壳粉施用量（高达2250千克/公顷）在控制土壤酸化、固定镉和提高产量方面效果更为显著。
