Maani Amal Al, Petersen Eskild, Memish Ziad A
Centre for diseases control and prevention, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
International Society for Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts, USA.
IJID Reg. 2025 Mar 19;14(Suppl 2):100595. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100595. eCollection 2025 Mar.
This perspective article, in recognition of World TB Day 2025, highlights the essential role that new tuberculosis (TB) vaccines play in meeting the World Health Organization's goal of ending TB by 2035. The article does not provide a comprehensive review of all vaccine candidates but emphasizes the urgent need for novel TB vaccines, given the limitations of the bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine and the increasing threat of drug-resistant strains. As TB continues to be a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, with an estimated 10.8 million new cases in 2023, it is evident that current strategies are insufficient. Although advancements in vaccine research, including candidates such as M72/AS01E, show promise, the article underscores that achieving TB elimination requires vaccines that can prevent TB infection reactivation and transmission of drug-resistant strains. Overcoming scientific, logistical, and distribution challenges, particularly, in high-burden regions, will be critical to accelerating the availability of these vaccines. The article calls for intensified global collaboration and sustained investment in research to accelerate the development of novel vaccines, which are indispensable for reaching the World Health Organization's ambitious 2035 TB elimination targets.
这篇观点文章为纪念2025年世界防治结核病日，强调了新型结核病疫苗在实现世界卫生组织到2035年终结结核病目标中所发挥的关键作用。文章并未对所有候选疫苗进行全面综述，而是鉴于卡介苗的局限性以及耐药菌株构成的日益严重威胁，强调了对新型结核病疫苗的迫切需求。结核病仍是全球发病和死亡的主要原因，2023年估计有1080万新发病例，显然当前策略并不充分。尽管疫苗研究取得了进展，如M72/AS01E等候选疫苗展现出前景，但文章强调，要实现结核病消除目标，需要能够预防结核感染复发和耐药菌株传播的疫苗。克服科学、后勤和分配方面的挑战，尤其是在高负担地区，对于加快这些疫苗的可及性至关重要。文章呼吁加强全球合作并持续投入研究，以加速新型疫苗的研发，这对于实现世界卫生组织雄心勃勃的2035年结核病消除目标不可或缺。
