Marinković S V, Kovacević M S, Marinković J M
J Neurosurg. 1985 Aug;63(2):266-71. doi: 10.3171/jns.1985.63.2.0266.
Perforating branches of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) were examined under magnification in 50 formalin-fixed brain hemispheres. Perforating vessels varied in number from three to 18, with an average of nine. The greater the number of vessels, the smaller was their diameter. In this study, the perforating arteries were divided into medial, middle, and lateral groupings. Those in the medial group usually arose directly from the MCA main trunk close to the carotid bifurcation. There were usually three vessels in the middle group, which originated not only from the MCA trunk, but also from the MCA collateral (cortical) branches. Common stems, when present, gave rise to individual perforating vessels and occasionally to thin olfactory and insular rami. Perforating arteries in the lateral group varied from one to nine in number. In addition to an origin from the MCA trunk, they also arose from cortical branches supplying the frontal and temporal lobes. The fact that lateral perforating vessels often originated from division sites and from terminal branches of the MCA is of clinical significance, because aneurysms are more commonly located at the MCA bifurcation. Anastomoses were not found among the perforating arteries. In two specimens, a fusion between a perforating artery and the MCA trunk was noted. Since the perforating vessels are obviously end arteries, injury to them must be avoided during operations for MCA aneurysms.
在50个经福尔马林固定的脑半球中，在放大条件下对大脑中动脉（MCA）的穿支进行了检查。穿支血管的数量从3条到18条不等，平均为9条。血管数量越多，其直径越小。在本研究中，穿支动脉被分为内侧、中间和外侧组。内侧组的穿支动脉通常直接起源于靠近颈动脉分叉处的MCA主干。中间组通常有3条血管，它们不仅起源于MCA主干，还起源于MCA的侧支（皮质）分支。当存在共同干时，会发出单独的穿支血管，偶尔还会发出细小的嗅支和岛叶支。外侧组的穿支动脉数量从1条到9条不等。除了起源于MCA主干外，它们还起源于供应额叶和颞叶的皮质分支。外侧穿支血管常起源于MCA的分支部位和终末分支这一事实具有临床意义，因为动脉瘤更常见于MCA分叉处。在穿支动脉之间未发现吻合。在两个标本中，注意到一条穿支动脉与MCA主干融合。由于穿支血管显然是终末动脉，在MCA动脉瘤手术期间必须避免损伤它们。
