Kotil Gonul, Ogut Eren, Balyemez Gizem Serpil, Bagci Serdar, Turkoglu Pedram, Isik Medine, Barut Çağatay
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2025 Apr 9;47(1):119. doi: 10.1007/s00276-025-03629-5.
The subclavian artery is a major vessel supplying the neck and upper limbs, and significant anatomical variations are often observed in its branches. This study investigated bilateral variations in the branching of the subclavian arteries, including rare deviations such as the presence of a thyrovertebral trunk and altered origins of several branches of the subclavian arteries. The goal of this study was to contribute to the limited literature on these anomalies, which have implications for clinical practice and surgical procedures.
During routine dissection of an 87-year-old male donor, notable bilateral variations in the subclavian artery branching were identified. On the right side, the thyrovertebral trunk originated from the subclavian artery, from which the vertebral and inferior thyroid arteries originated. Additionally, a common trunk gave rise to the internal thoracic, transverse cervical, and ascending cervical arteries. On the left side, the subclavian artery gave rise to the vertebral artery, inferior thyroid artery, and costocervical trunk, as well as the common trunk for the internal thoracic, transverse cervical, and suprascapular arteries.
The findings highlight significant anatomical variations in the subclavian artery branching patterns, including the presence of a thyrovertebral trunk and the absence of a thyrocervical trunk bilaterally. These variations are clinically relevant, particularly in surgeries involving the neck and upper limbs, and should be considered to avoid complications during surgery. This study proposes the term "thoracocervical trunk" for the common root of the transverse cervical and internal thoracic arteries, which may aid in the identification of similar anomalies in future clinical practice.
锁骨下动脉是供应颈部和上肢的主要血管，其分支常出现明显的解剖变异。本研究调查了锁骨下动脉分支的双侧变异情况，包括诸如存在甲状椎动脉干以及锁骨下动脉多个分支起源改变等罕见变异。本研究的目的是为有关这些异常情况的有限文献做出贡献，这些异常情况对临床实践和手术操作具有重要意义。
在对一名87岁男性供体进行常规解剖时，发现了锁骨下动脉分支存在显著的双侧变异。右侧，甲状椎动脉干起源于锁骨下动脉，椎动脉和甲状腺下动脉也起源于此。此外，一条总干发出胸廓内动脉、颈横动脉和颈升动脉。左侧，锁骨下动脉发出椎动脉、甲状腺下动脉和肋颈干，以及胸廓内动脉、颈横动脉和肩胛上动脉的总干。
研究结果突出了锁骨下动脉分支模式的显著解剖变异，包括双侧存在甲状椎动脉干以及不存在甲状腺颈干。这些变异在临床上具有相关性，特别是在涉及颈部和上肢的手术中，应予以考虑以避免手术期间出现并发症。本研究为颈横动脉和胸廓内动脉的共同起始部提出了“胸颈干”这一术语，这可能有助于在未来临床实践中识别类似的异常情况。
