Sabouri Masih, Etemadifar Masoud, Dehghani Firoozabadi Fatemeh, Sindarreh Setayesh, Akhavan-Sigari Amirhossein
Department of Neurosurgery, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan, Iran.
Cancer Prevention Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
BMC Neurol. 2025 Apr 9;25(1):147. doi: 10.1186/s12883-025-04095-7.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disorder that can present with clinical and radiological features indistinguishable from a central nervous system (CNS) tumor. Previous studies suggest that whilepatients with MS have a reduced overall risk of cancer, they may have an increased risk of developing CNS malignancies.
In this cross-sectional observational study, we investigated the prevalence of CNS tumors in patients with MS using data from the Isfahan MS clinic registry between 2020 and 2023 who had been diagnosed with primary CNS tumors following their diagnosis of MS.
Among the 2,280 registered patients, 36 individuals were diagnosed with CNS tumors, yielding a prevalence of 1.58%. The distribution of primary CNS tumors among these patients was as follows: 41.7% had pituitary adenomas, 30.6% had meningiomas, 13.9% had primary CNS lymphoma, 5.6% had acoustic neuroma, and the remaining cases included epidermoid cysts (2.8%), neurofibromas (2.8%), and glioblastoma multiforme (2.8%). The mean age at tumor diagnosis was approximately 45 years, while the mean age at MS diagnosis among those who subsequently developed a CNS tumor was 31.5 years.
The overall prevalence of primary CNS tumors in our MS population was 1.58%. Meningiomas and pituitary adenomas were the most common types of CNS tumors observed in these patients. Given potential symptom overlap, new or unusual symptoms not typical of MS should be closely monitored or assessed for possible CNS malignancies.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种慢性神经炎症性疾病，其临床和影像学特征可能与中枢神经系统（CNS）肿瘤难以区分。先前的研究表明，虽然MS患者患癌症的总体风险降低，但他们患CNS恶性肿瘤的风险可能增加。
在这项横断面观察性研究中，我们使用伊斯法罕MS诊所登记处2020年至2023年的数据，调查了MS患者中CNS肿瘤的患病率，这些患者在被诊断为MS后又被诊断出患有原发性CNS肿瘤。
在2280名登记患者中，36人被诊断患有CNS肿瘤，患病率为1.58%。这些患者中原发性CNS肿瘤的分布如下：41.7%患有垂体腺瘤，30.6%患有脑膜瘤，13.9%患有原发性CNS淋巴瘤，5.6%患有听神经瘤，其余病例包括表皮样囊肿（2.8%）、神经纤维瘤（2.8%）和多形性胶质母细胞瘤（2.8%）。肿瘤诊断时的平均年龄约为45岁，而随后发生CNS肿瘤的患者中MS诊断时的平均年龄为31.5岁。
我们的MS人群中原发性CNS肿瘤的总体患病率为1.58%。脑膜瘤和垂体腺瘤是这些患者中观察到的最常见的CNS肿瘤类型。鉴于可能存在症状重叠，对于MS不典型的新症状或异常症状，应密切监测或评估是否可能患有CNS恶性肿瘤。
