Jin Xinrui, Yip Terry Cheuk-Fung, Wong Grace Lai-Hung, Wong Vincent Wai-Sun, Lai Jimmy Che-To
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Medical Data Analytics Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Ultrasonography. 2025 May;44(3):189-201. doi: 10.14366/usg.24219. Epub 2025 Mar 18.
In 2023, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by the American and European liver associations. This new nomenclature recognizes metabolic dysfunction as the central driver of the disease, and the diagnostic criteria now require the presence of hepatic steatosis plus at least one of five cardiometabolic risk factors. B-mode ultrasonography remains the most common and practical method for detecting hepatic steatosis, although newer ultrasound techniques based on attenuation, backscatter, and speed of sound have gained traction as tools to diagnose and quantify hepatic steatosis. Additionally, ultrasound elastography is increasingly used in routine clinical practice to assess liver fibrosis, diagnose cirrhosis, and identify clinically significant portal hypertension.
2023年，美国和欧洲肝脏协会将非酒精性脂肪性肝病重新命名为代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病。这一新命名法将代谢功能障碍视为该疾病的核心驱动因素，目前的诊断标准要求存在肝脂肪变性以及五个心血管代谢危险因素中的至少一个。B型超声检查仍然是检测肝脂肪变性最常用且实用的方法，尽管基于衰减、背向散射和声速的新型超声技术作为诊断和量化肝脂肪变性的工具已越来越受到关注。此外，超声弹性成像在常规临床实践中越来越多地用于评估肝纤维化、诊断肝硬化以及识别具有临床意义的门静脉高压。
