Zhang Jin, Jiang Xiong, Lei Zhenni
1 Radiology Department, Zhaotong First People's Hospital, Zhaoyang, Yunnan Province, China.
2 Internal Medicine-Neurology, Zhaotong First People's Hospital, Zhaoyang Yunnan Province, China.
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2025 Mar 10;24(2):143-152. doi: 10.18502/ijaai.v24i2.18142.
To analyze the clinical efficacy and influencing factors of budesonide inhalation therapy in adult Cough variant asthma (CVA).
This retrospective study involved 223 CVA patients who were treated in the hospital from January 2022 to February 2024. These patients received standard symptomatic treatment (such as cough suppression, expectoration, and anti-infection therapies), along with budesonide inhalation therapy. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the clinical effects before and after treatment, including lung function, serum inflammatory factor levels, and immune function, while also recording any adverse reactions that occurred during treatment. We classified the patients into effective and ineffective groups based on treatment outcomes, collected clinical factors related to efficacy, and used logistic regression analysis to investigate the factors affecting treatment effectiveness.
After treatment, the lung function indicators of patients showed significant improvement, with the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) all increasing compared to before treatment. At the same time, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the serum decreased. In terms of immune function, the levels of CD3+ and CD4+ cells were increased, while the level of CD8+ cells decreased. Thirteen patients (5.83%) experienced nausea and indigestion during the treatment process, nine patients (4.04%) had drowsiness and fatigue, and seven patients (3.14%) had discomfort in the throat. Based on the therapeutic efficacy evaluation after treatment, patients were divided into an effective group (n=188) and an ineffective group (n=35). Further multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that older age (OR=1.570), lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] (OR=0.798), and high levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (OR=1.850) increased the risk of reduced therapeutic efficacy.
Budenoside inhalation therapy is effective for CVA patients, as it can improve lung function, reduce inflammation, and enhance immune function. However, factors such as age, 25(OH)D3, and TNF-α may influence the treatment outcomes.
分析布地奈德吸入疗法对成人咳嗽变异性哮喘（CVA）的临床疗效及影响因素。
本回顾性研究纳入了2022年1月至2024年2月在我院接受治疗的223例CVA患者。这些患者接受了标准的对症治疗（如止咳、祛痰和抗感染治疗）以及布地奈德吸入治疗。本研究的主要目的是评估治疗前后的临床效果，包括肺功能、血清炎症因子水平和免疫功能，同时记录治疗期间发生的任何不良反应。我们根据治疗结果将患者分为有效组和无效组，收集与疗效相关的临床因素，并采用逻辑回归分析来研究影响治疗效果的因素。
治疗后，患者的肺功能指标有显著改善，一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）和呼气峰值流速（PEF）均较治疗前增加。同时，血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-4（IL-4）和免疫球蛋白E（IgE）水平降低。在免疫功能方面，CD3+和CD4+细胞水平升高，而CD8+细胞水平降低。13例患者（5.83%）在治疗过程中出现恶心和消化不良，9例患者（4.04%）出现嗜睡和疲劳，7例患者（3.14%）出现咽喉不适。根据治疗后的疗效评估，患者分为有效组（n=188）和无效组（n=35）。进一步的多因素逻辑回归分析显示，年龄较大（OR=1.570）、25-羟基维生素D3[25(OH)D3]水平较低（OR=0.798）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平较高（OR=1.850）会增加治疗效果降低的风险。
布地奈德吸入疗法对CVA患者有效，因为它可以改善肺功能、减轻炎症并增强免疫功能。然而，年龄、25(OH)D3和TNF-α等因素可能会影响治疗结果。
