Zhang Ting, Chen Xinheng, Gu Hongtao, Chen Huayi, Huang Kaichun, Wang Jinjin, Xu Huijuan, Zhang Yulong, Li Wenyan
Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Agricultural Resources Utilization, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (South China), MOA, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2025 Apr 7;15(7):565. doi: 10.3390/nano15070565.
The application of nanotechnology offers a promising solution to improve fertilizer utilization efficiency by mitigating the losses and volatilization of conventional fertilizers, contributing to sustainable agriculture. In this study, a core-shell nanocarbon-based slow-release foliar fertilizer (CN@mSiO-NH@Urea@PDA) was synthesized using nanocarbon (CN) as the core, amino-functionalized mesoporous silica (mSiO-NH) as the shell, and polydopamine (PDA) as the coating layer. BET analysis revealed a 3.5-fold and 1.9-fold reduction in material porosity after PDA encapsulation, confirming successful synthesis. The controlled-release performance was enhanced, with a 24% decrease in the release rate and a prolonged nutrient delivery duration. Hydrophobicity tests demonstrated a 20° increase in the contact angle, indicating improved adhesion. Seed germination assays validated biosafety, while field trials showed a 69.94% increase in the choy sum () yield, 21.64% higher nitrogen utilization efficiency, and 22.21% reduced nitrogen loss. The foliar application increased the plant nitrogen use efficiency by 18.37%. These findings highlight the potential of CN@mSiO-NH@Urea@PDA as an advanced foliar fertilizer, providing a strategic approach to promote nanomaterial applications in agriculture and enhance the acceptance of functional fertilizers among farmers.
纳米技术的应用为提高肥料利用效率提供了一个有前景的解决方案，即通过减少传统肥料的损失和挥发，促进可持续农业发展。在本研究中，以纳米碳（CN）为核心、氨基功能化介孔二氧化硅（mSiO-NH）为壳层、聚多巴胺（PDA）为涂层，合成了一种核壳结构的纳米碳基缓释叶面肥（CN@mSiO-NH@尿素@PDA）。BET分析表明，PDA包封后材料孔隙率降低了3.5倍和1.9倍，证实合成成功。控释性能得到增强，释放速率降低了24%，养分释放持续时间延长。疏水性测试表明接触角增加了20°，表明附着力提高。种子发芽试验验证了生物安全性，而田间试验表明菜心产量提高了69.94%，氮素利用效率提高了21.64%，氮素损失降低了22.21%。叶面喷施使植物氮素利用效率提高了18.37%。这些发现凸显了CN@mSiO-NH@尿素@PDA作为一种先进叶面肥的潜力，为促进纳米材料在农业中的应用以及提高农民对功能性肥料的接受度提供了一种战略方法。
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