Bojarski Bartosz, Witeska Małgorzata, Kondera Elżbieta
Department of Animal Biology and Environment, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Mazowiecka 28, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Department of Animal Environment Biology, Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Mar 27;15(7):965. doi: 10.3390/ani15070965.
Blood-based biochemical assays are used as predictive and diagnostic methods to evaluate fish welfare in aquaculture and research. The variations of blood biochemical parameters in fish are commonly used as biomarkers of exposure to toxic agents. Blood biochemical parameters can help identify the magnitude of toxicity and the mechanisms by which particular toxic agents act on the organisms. Some parameters typically measured in the blood can also be evaluated in the whole body in the early developmental stages of fish (embryos and larvae) that are often used in toxicological studies. This review assessed the usefulness of various blood biochemical indices as toxicity biomarkers. Analysis of multiple studies showed that toxicity-induced changes in most blood biochemical parameters in fish often depend on toxic agent concentration and exposure duration. Also, various parameters manifest different sensitivity to intoxication, and diverse directions of changes may occur. Among biochemical parameters, some are biomarkers of general physiological stress, while others indicate dysfunctions of particular organs. Moreover, hormonal endpoints seem to be sensitive but nonspecific biomarkers of intoxication in fish.
基于血液的生化检测被用作预测和诊断方法，以评估水产养殖和研究中的鱼类福利。鱼类血液生化参数的变化通常被用作接触有毒物质的生物标志物。血液生化参数有助于确定毒性的程度以及特定有毒物质作用于生物体的机制。在鱼类毒理学研究中常用的早期发育阶段（胚胎和幼体），一些通常在血液中测量的参数也可以在鱼的全身进行评估。本综述评估了各种血液生化指标作为毒性生物标志物的有用性。多项研究分析表明，鱼类大多数血液生化参数中由毒性引起的变化通常取决于有毒物质的浓度和暴露持续时间。此外，各种参数对中毒表现出不同的敏感性，并且可能会出现不同的变化方向。在生化参数中，一些是一般生理应激的生物标志物，而另一些则表明特定器官的功能障碍。此外，激素终点似乎是鱼类中毒敏感但非特异性的生物标志物。
