Jakovlev Sergej, Eglynas Tomas, Jusis Mindaugas, Jankunas Valdas, Voznak Miroslav
Department of Telecommunications, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, Universiteto al. 17, Klaipėda, 92295 Klaipėda, Lithuania.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Mar 24;25(7):2019. doi: 10.3390/s25072019.
The global containerisation industry, while significantly advancing international trade, faces persistent challenges related to infrastructure capacity, environmental impact, and operational efficiency. One critical yet under-researched issue is the physical damage that containers endure during handling operations, particularly at port terminals. This paper examines the complexities of container handling, focusing on damage caused by quay crane activities, especially during corner hooking. Such damage compromises container integrity, impacts cargo safety, and increases operational costs. To address these concerns, we present the Impact Detection Methodology (IDM), a system designed to monitor and detect impacts in real time, enhancing operational precision and safety. Preliminary studies conducted at Klaipeda City port demonstrate the IDM's effectiveness, though limited data have constrained validation. Our research underscores the need for broader experimentation to confirm the IDM's potential in mitigating container damage. Key findings indicate that unsuccessful hooking attempts predominantly occur when containers are lifted from above-deck positions, influenced by spreader oscillations and high operational workloads. This paper also highlights the importance of integrating sway control systems with existing crane management technologies to assist operators in reducing handling errors. Enhanced monitoring and data analysis are essential for improving container handling processes, supporting sustainable growth in global containerisation, and mitigating financial risks.
全球集装箱运输行业在显著推动国际贸易发展的同时，也面临着与基础设施容量、环境影响和运营效率相关的持续挑战。一个关键但研究不足的问题是集装箱在装卸作业过程中，尤其是在港口码头所遭受的物理损坏。本文探讨了集装箱装卸的复杂性，重点关注岸桥作业造成的损坏，特别是在角件起吊过程中的损坏。这种损坏会损害集装箱的完整性，影响货物安全，并增加运营成本。为了解决这些问题，我们提出了冲击检测方法（IDM），这是一种旨在实时监测和检测冲击的系统，可提高操作精度和安全性。在克莱佩达市港口进行的初步研究证明了IDM的有效性，不过有限的数据限制了验证。我们的研究强调需要进行更广泛的试验，以确认IDM在减轻集装箱损坏方面的潜力。主要研究结果表明，不成功的起吊尝试主要发生在从甲板上方位置起吊集装箱时，这受到吊具摆动和高作业负荷的影响。本文还强调了将摆动控制系统与现有的起重机管理技术相结合的重要性，以帮助操作人员减少装卸错误。加强监测和数据分析对于改善集装箱装卸流程、支持全球集装箱运输的可持续增长以及降低金融风险至关重要。
