Mazumder Saikat, Bhattacharya Debasmita, Lahiri Dibyajit, Nag Moupriya
Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Department of Food Technology, Guru Nanak Institute of Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Curr Microbiol. 2025 Apr 12;82(6):242. doi: 10.1007/s00284-025-04230-0.
Millets, commonly referred to as the "future crop," provide a practical solution for addressing hunger and reducing the impact of climate change. The nutritional and physiological well-being of soil is crucial for the survival and resilience of plants while countering environmental stressors, both abiotic and biotic, that arise from the current climate change scenario. The health and production of millet are directly influenced by the soil microbial community. Millets have several plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria such as Pseudomonas, Azotobacter, Bacillus, Rhizobium, and fungi like Penicillium sp., that increase nutrient uptake, growth, and productivity and protect against abiotic and biotic stressors. Rhizobacteria enhance plant productivity by many mechanisms, including the release of plant hormones and secondary metabolic compounds, the conversion of nutrients into soluble forms, the ability to fix nitrogen, and the provision of resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. The microbial populations in the rhizosphere have a significant impact on the growth and production of millet such as enhancing soil fertility and plant nourishment. Additionally, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi invade the roots of millets. The taxon Glomus is the most prevalent in association with millet plant soil, followed by Acaulospora, Funneliformis, and Rhizophagus. The symbiotic relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and millet plants improves plant growth and nutrient absorption under diverse soil and environmental circumstances, including challenging abiotic factors like drought and salinity.
小米通常被称为“未来作物”，为解决饥饿问题和减轻气候变化影响提供了切实可行的解决方案。在应对当前气候变化情景中出现的非生物和生物环境压力源时，土壤的营养和生理健康对植物的生存和恢复力至关重要。小米的健康和产量直接受到土壤微生物群落的影响。小米有几种促进植物生长的根际细菌，如假单胞菌、固氮菌、芽孢杆菌、根瘤菌，以及青霉属等真菌，它们能增加养分吸收、促进生长和提高生产力，并抵御非生物和生物压力源。根际细菌通过多种机制提高植物生产力，包括释放植物激素和次生代谢化合物、将养分转化为可溶形式、固氮能力以及提供对生物和非生物胁迫的抗性。根际的微生物种群对小米的生长和产量有重大影响，例如提高土壤肥力和植物养分。此外，丛枝菌根真菌会侵入小米的根系。球囊霉属是与小米植物土壤关联最普遍的分类群，其次是无梗囊霉属、漏斗孢球囊霉属和根内球囊霉属。在包括干旱和盐碱化等具有挑战性的非生物因素在内的各种土壤和环境条件下，丛枝菌根真菌与小米植物之间的共生关系可改善植物生长和养分吸收。
