Guo Zhaolai, Yang Ruisi, Hua Zexiang, Long Wenyu, Xiang Qianqian
Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservation, Restoration and Ecological Services, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China.
Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, PR China.
Aquat Toxicol. 2025 Jun;283:107359. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107359. Epub 2025 Apr 8.
Even though extensive research exists on the negative impact of nanoplastics on fish, their effect on the microbiota and intestinal health of freshwater fish remains unclear. This study investigated the impact of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on the microbiota, oxidative stress, and intestinal morphology of the Acrossocheilus yunnanensis (A. yunnanensis) freshwater fish species. The findings demonstrated that PS-NPs induced structural changes (e.g., epithelial rupture and microvilli damage) in the intestinal tissue of A. yunnanensis. Meanwhile, they increased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the intestine, but did not significantly cause changes in the activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes. The microbiome results indicated that PS-NPs increased gut microbial community diversity and Proteobacteria abundance while decreasing the Fusobacteriota content. Furthermore, PS-NPs significantly improved multiple microbial functions such as amino acid and lipid transfer and metabolism, as well as energy generation and conversion. Overall, this study revealed that PS-NPs caused oxidative stress and microbiota dysbiosis in A. yunnanensis, possibly causing intestinal epithelial damage. This research elucidates the mechanism underlying PS-NP toxicity to freshwater fish and its subsequent impact.
尽管关于纳米塑料对鱼类的负面影响已有广泛研究，但其对淡水鱼微生物群和肠道健康的影响仍不清楚。本研究调查了聚苯乙烯纳米塑料（PS-NPs）对云南光唇鱼（Acrossocheilus yunnanensis）淡水鱼微生物群、氧化应激和肠道形态的影响。研究结果表明，PS-NPs诱导了云南光唇鱼肠道组织的结构变化（如上皮破裂和微绒毛损伤）。同时，它们增加了肠道中丙二醛（MDA）水平和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性，但未显著引起过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）酶活性的变化。微生物组结果表明，PS-NPs增加了肠道微生物群落多样性和变形菌门丰度，同时降低了梭杆菌门含量。此外，PS-NPs显著改善了多种微生物功能，如氨基酸和脂质转运与代谢，以及能量产生和转换。总体而言，本研究表明PS-NPs在云南光唇鱼中引起氧化应激和微生物群失调，可能导致肠道上皮损伤。本研究阐明了PS-NP对淡水鱼毒性及其后续影响的潜在机制。
