Ma Fengyan, Zhu Yajing, Liu Lu, Chen Helin, Liu Yan, Zhang Fan
Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
J Nurs Manag. 2025 Mar 27;2025:3793927. doi: 10.1155/jonm/3793927. eCollection 2025.
This study examines the association between burnout, nurse safety behaviors, and patient safety competency among nurses working in cancer hospitals using person-centered and variable-centered methodologies. Burnout is prevalent among nurses worldwide, with cancer hospital nurses exhibiting high levels of burnout. Burnout correlates with a higher incidence of adverse events and diminished patient safety. Nurse safety behaviors and patient safety competency play protective roles in ensuring patient safety. This study used a cross-sectional online survey and included 2092 eligible nurses, with 95.0% being female. We invited nurses from cancer hospitals in 12 provinces in China to complete an online survey from April to June 2023. Through the online Questionnaire Star platform, invited nurses provided demographic information and completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Nurse Safety Behaviors Scale, and the Patient Safety Competency Scale. Latent profile analysis was used to identify heterogeneous characteristics of nurse burnout. From a person-centered perspective, nurse burnout was categorized into three latent profiles: "high achievement stable type" (70.3%), "high-efficiency contradictory type" (6.6%), and "high-pressure adaptive type" (23.1%). From a variable-centered perspective, patient safety competency partially mediated the relationship between burnout profiles and nurse safety behaviors. This study identified three heterogeneous latent profiles of burnout among cancer hospital nurses and highlighted the significant impact of excessive working hours and lack of safety training on burnout across different job titles and income levels. Additionally, it verified the mediation effect of patient safety competency between burnout profiles and nurse safety behaviors. Future treatments should focus on high-risk populations by offering improved safety training and suitable work schedules to reduce burnout. Furthermore, personalized measures to enhance nurses' safety competencies should be adopted to improve burnout and safety behaviors. This study integrates person-centered and variable-centered methods, offering new insights and underscoring the critical role of safety in mitigating burnout.
本研究采用以人为主和以变量为主的方法，探讨癌症医院护士的职业倦怠、护士安全行为与患者安全能力之间的关联。职业倦怠在全球护士中普遍存在，癌症医院护士的职业倦怠水平较高。职业倦怠与不良事件发生率较高以及患者安全降低相关。护士安全行为和患者安全能力在确保患者安全方面发挥着保护作用。本研究采用横断面在线调查，纳入了2092名符合条件的护士，其中95.0%为女性。我们邀请了中国12个省份癌症医院的护士在2023年4月至6月完成一项在线调查。通过在线问卷星平台，受邀护士提供了人口统计学信息，并完成了马氏职业倦怠量表、护士安全行为量表和患者安全能力量表。采用潜在剖面分析来识别护士职业倦怠的异质性特征。从以人为主的角度来看，护士职业倦怠被分为三种潜在剖面：“高成就稳定型”（70.3%）、“高效率矛盾型”（6.6%）和“高压力适应型”（23.1%）。从以变量为主的角度来看，患者安全能力部分中介了职业倦怠剖面与护士安全行为之间的关系。本研究识别出癌症医院护士职业倦怠的三种异质性潜在剖面，并强调了工作时间过长和缺乏安全培训对不同职称和收入水平的职业倦怠的重大影响。此外，它验证了患者安全能力在职业倦怠剖面与护士安全行为之间的中介作用。未来的治疗应通过提供改进的安全培训和合适的工作时间表来关注高危人群，以减少职业倦怠。此外，应采取个性化措施来提高护士的安全能力，以改善职业倦怠和安全行为。本研究整合了以人为主和以变量为主的方法，提供了新的见解，并强调了安全在减轻职业倦怠方面的关键作用。
