Wei Linjiang, Fang Ya, Zhang Liangwen
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics School of Public Health Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province School of Public Health Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
J Nurs Manag. 2024 Sep 23;2024:9340456. doi: 10.1155/2024/9340456. eCollection 2024.
The global aging population has raised concerns about the fair distribution of elderly care resources. China, as the largest developing country, has made efforts to address population aging challenges. However, equitable distribution of elderly care resources remains a concern. This study analyzed the spatial layout and accessibility of elderly care service facilities (ECSFs) in Xiamen City to improve resource allocation and enhance the elderly care system in China. The findings provide valuable insights for other developing countries and regions seeking to improve their own elderly care resource allocation. Xiamen City was chosen as the research area due to its unique geographical location and advanced information technology infrastructure. The study examined the spatial distribution, accessibility, and equity of ECSFs. Using Python, point of interest (POI) data were collected and evaluated using the kernel density method and two-step floating catchment area method. Spatial autocorrelation analysis identified areas of aggregation and dispersion in ECSF accessibility. Xiamen currently has 660 ECSFs, including nursing homes, adult day care centers, home care agencies, and rural elderly care homes. The analysis revealed spatial disparities, with ECSFs clustering primarily in the central area of Xiamen Island. Significant differences in accessibility were found among the four types of ECSFs. Spatial autocorrelation analysis identified cold and hot spot areas, indicating variations in accessibility across regions. Xiamen City has made progress in allocating elderly care resources and constructing service facilities. However, equity in resource allocation remains a concern. Areas with limited accessibility were identified, leading to unequal access to elderly care resources and timely physical care. To address these challenges, decision-making departments should consider increasing facilities, improving transportation, enhancing macro planning, and improving facility service quality and accessibility. These measures will optimize ECSF accessibility and promote equitable distribution of elderly care resources.
全球人口老龄化引发了对老年护理资源公平分配的关注。中国作为最大的发展中国家，已努力应对人口老龄化挑战。然而，老年护理资源的公平分配仍是一个问题。本研究分析了厦门市老年护理服务设施（ECSFs）的空间布局和可达性，以改善资源分配并完善中国的老年护理体系。研究结果为其他寻求改善自身老年护理资源分配的发展中国家和地区提供了宝贵的见解。选择厦门市作为研究区域是因其独特的地理位置和先进的信息技术基础设施。该研究考察了ECSFs的空间分布、可达性和公平性。使用Python收集了兴趣点（POI）数据，并采用核密度法和两步浮动集水区法进行评估。空间自相关分析确定了ECSFs可达性的聚集和分散区域。厦门目前有660个ECSFs，包括养老院、成人日托中心、家庭护理机构和农村敬老院。分析揭示了空间差异，ECSFs主要集中在厦门岛的中心区域。四种类型的ECSFs在可达性方面存在显著差异。空间自相关分析确定了冷点和热点区域，表明各区域可达性存在差异。厦门市在老年护理资源分配和服务设施建设方面取得了进展。然而，资源分配的公平性仍是一个问题。已确定可达性有限的区域，导致老年护理资源获取和及时身体护理的不平等。为应对这些挑战，决策部门应考虑增加设施、改善交通、加强宏观规划以及提高设施服务质量和可达性。这些措施将优化ECSFs的可达性，促进老年护理资源的公平分配。
