Narayanan Priyadharshini, Kothapalli Sahitya R, Strohl Harmonie B, Hill Linda L
UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California.
Independent Researcher.
AJPM Focus. 2024 Oct 5;4(1):100279. doi: 10.1016/j.focus.2024.100279. eCollection 2025 Feb.
Gestational diabetes mellitus significantly increases the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus in women. However, the National Diabetes Prevention Program, effective in reducing Type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence, is underutilized among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. This study aims to explore the factors contributing to this underutilization and propose strategies to increase National Diabetes Prevention Program's usage.
A qualitative study with narrative methodology was employed, involving focus group discussions with 18 women aged between 29 and 43 years, who had a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. Participants were recruited from a gestational diabetes mellitus registry through University of California, San Diego's online platform. The discussions were aimed at understanding their awareness of Type 2 diabetes mellitus risk after gestational diabetes mellitus and their knowledge about the National Diabetes Prevention Program.
Thematic analysis of the discussions revealed 4 key themes: (1) challenges in navigating health information after gestational diabetes mellitus; (2) perceived facilitators for National Diabetes Prevention Program participation, including peer support, personalized guidance, and virtual options; (3) perceived barriers, such as time constraints, childcare responsibilities, and financial considerations; and (4) insights into patient perspectives on gestational diabetes mellitus care. Despite awareness of their increased Type 2 diabetes mellitus risk, there was a notable gap in knowledge about the National Diabetes Prevention Program among participants.
The study highlights the critical need for improved communication regarding postgestational diabetes mellitus risk of type 2 diabetes and the National Diabetes Prevention Program. Addressing communication gaps, offering personalized support, and accommodating the unique challenges faced by women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus can enhance National Diabetes Prevention Program participation. The significance of a patient-centric approach in diabetes prevention is underscored, emphasizing that such an approach could significantly impact Type 2 diabetes mellitus prevention in this high-risk population.
妊娠期糖尿病会显著增加女性患2型糖尿病的风险。然而，对降低2型糖尿病发病率有效的国家糖尿病预防计划，在有妊娠期糖尿病病史的女性中未得到充分利用。本研究旨在探讨导致这种未充分利用的因素，并提出增加国家糖尿病预防计划使用率的策略。
采用叙事方法进行定性研究，对18名年龄在29至43岁之间、有妊娠期糖尿病病史的女性进行焦点小组讨论。参与者通过加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的在线平台从妊娠期糖尿病登记处招募。讨论旨在了解她们对妊娠期糖尿病后患2型糖尿病风险的认识以及对国家糖尿病预防计划的了解。
对讨论的主题分析揭示了4个关键主题：（1）妊娠期糖尿病后获取健康信息的挑战；（2）参与国家糖尿病预防计划的感知促进因素，包括同伴支持、个性化指导和虚拟选项；（3）感知障碍，如时间限制、育儿责任和经济考虑；（4）对患者妊娠期糖尿病护理观点的见解。尽管参与者意识到自己患2型糖尿病的风险增加，但她们对国家糖尿病预防计划的了解存在明显差距。
该研究强调了改善关于妊娠期糖尿病后患2型糖尿病风险和国家糖尿病预防计划沟通的迫切需求。解决沟通差距、提供个性化支持并适应有妊娠期糖尿病病史女性面临的独特挑战，可以提高国家糖尿病预防计划的参与度。强调了以患者为中心的方法在糖尿病预防中的重要性，指出这种方法可能会对这一高危人群的2型糖尿病预防产生重大影响。
