Desai Vishnu, Kumar Santosh, Patel Bhavin, N Patel Shirishkumar, Patadiya Hiren H, Asawa Deeksha, Pathan Mohd Shabankhan H, Haque Mainul
Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND.
Department of General Dentistry, My Dental Southbridge PLLC, Southbridge, USA.
Cureus. 2025 Apr 11;17(4):e82064. doi: 10.7759/cureus.82064. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the biggest problems facing the scientific and medical communities. According to WHO, this growing issue might make once-effective antibiotics obsolete and pose a substantial risk to public health. Estimates indicate that multimillion deaths were either directly or indirectly caused by AMR, making it one of the most substantial risks to public health and development in the world. The issue of AMR is primarily caused by healthcare workers' excessive and inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents. Dentists are believed to prescribe a considerable portion of all antibiotics globally. The emergence of AMR, its causes, and its effects on human health are examined in this article, with special attention to dental offices and medical facilities. It draws attention to the rising issue of antibiotic overprescription and abuse, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where improper antibiotic use is an everyday practice around the globe. The article discusses the role of antimicrobial stewardship programs and the importance of implementing precise, evidence-based practices in preventing AMR. Since antibiotic abuse in livestock greatly accelerates the spread of resistance, the role of antibiotics in animal agriculture is also investigated. To address AMR, the paper highlights the necessity of a global, coordinated response that bolsters surveillance systems, cuts back on needless antibiotic use, and expands access to alternative treatments. Recent research has called into question the efficacy of preventive antibiotic medication in these situations. According to other researchers, it might not help avoid surgical site infections. However, other experts say disrupting deeper tissues and local mucosal defenses during an intraoral surgical operation may raise the risk of infection even when antibiotics are used.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）是科学界和医学界面临的最大问题之一。根据世界卫生组织的说法，这个日益严重的问题可能会使曾经有效的抗生素过时，并对公众健康构成重大风险。据估计，数百万人的死亡直接或间接由抗菌药物耐药性导致，这使其成为全球公众健康和发展面临的最重大风险之一。抗菌药物耐药性问题主要是由医护人员过度和不当使用抗菌药物引起的。据信，牙医在全球所有抗生素处方中占了相当大的比例。本文研究了抗菌药物耐药性的出现、其成因及其对人类健康的影响，特别关注牙科诊所和医疗机构。它提请人们注意抗生素过度处方和滥用这一日益严重的问题，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家，在全球范围内，不当使用抗生素是一种常见现象。文章讨论了抗菌药物管理计划的作用以及实施精确的、基于证据的做法在预防抗菌药物耐药性方面的重要性。由于牲畜使用抗生素的行为极大地加速了耐药性的传播，因此还研究了抗生素在畜牧业中的作用。为了解决抗菌药物耐药性问题，本文强调了全球协调应对的必要性，这种应对措施要加强监测系统、减少不必要的抗生素使用，并扩大获得替代治疗的机会。最近的研究对预防性抗生素用药在这些情况下的疗效提出了质疑。其他研究人员认为，它可能无助于避免手术部位感染。然而，其他专家表示，在口腔内手术过程中破坏深层组织和局部黏膜防御可能会增加感染风险，即使使用了抗生素。
