Jain Mohit, Panda Subhasish, Chandak Shruti, Malhotra Ankur, Dash Subhashree, Afifa Umme
Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College And Research Center, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College And Research Center, India.
J Ultrason. 2025 Mar 26;25(100):20250006. doi: 10.15557/JoU.2025.0006. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Abdominal obesity is recognized as the best predictor of cardiovascular disease risk. While body mass index has traditionally been used to measure obesity, recent evidence suggests that visceral adipose tissue may be a better indicator of cardiovascular disease risk. Various surrogate imaging markers of visceral adipose tissue have recently been described, such as posterior right perinephric fat thickness, preperitoneal fat thickness, and the abdominal wall fat index. This study aimed to examine the link between atherosclerosis through measurement of carotid intima-media thickness and markers of abdominal obesity using ultrasonography.
This was a hospital-based prospective observational study. Patients with a body mass index of 25-40 were included as cases and those with a body mass index 18.0-24.9 as controls. Posterior right perinephric fat thickness, preperitoneal fat thickness, and abdominal wall fat index were measured and compared with carotid intima-media thickness in cases.
A total of 100 cases and 100 age- and sex-matched controls were included. Body mass index did not show any statistically significant correlations with carotid intima-media thickness in this study. Among the visceral adiposity markers, posterior right perinephric fat thickness was the most sensitive and specific predictor of carotid intima-media thickness, while the abdominal wall fat index was the least sensitive and specific.
Ultrasonographic markers of visceral adipose tissue, especially posterior right perinephric fat thickness and preperitoneal fat thickness, demonstrate a stronger association with carotid atherosclerosis than body mass index, making them useful predictors, particularly in individuals with high body mass index. These markers can be measured during routine abdominal ultrasounds to screen for atherosclerosis risk in patients with abdominal obesity.
腹部肥胖被认为是心血管疾病风险的最佳预测指标。虽然传统上使用体重指数来衡量肥胖，但最近的证据表明，内脏脂肪组织可能是心血管疾病风险的更好指标。最近已经描述了内脏脂肪组织的各种替代成像标志物，如右肾周后脂肪厚度、腹膜前脂肪厚度和腹壁脂肪指数。本研究旨在通过超声测量颈动脉内膜中层厚度和腹部肥胖标志物来检查动脉粥样硬化之间的联系。
这是一项基于医院的前瞻性观察性研究。体重指数为25 - 40的患者作为病例纳入，体重指数为18.0 - 24.9的患者作为对照。测量病例的右肾周后脂肪厚度、腹膜前脂肪厚度和腹壁脂肪指数，并与颈动脉内膜中层厚度进行比较。
共纳入100例病例和100例年龄和性别匹配的对照。在本研究中，体重指数与颈动脉内膜中层厚度未显示出任何统计学上的显著相关性。在内脏肥胖标志物中，右肾周后脂肪厚度是颈动脉内膜中层厚度最敏感和特异的预测指标，而腹壁脂肪指数最不敏感和特异。
内脏脂肪组织的超声标志物，尤其是右肾周后脂肪厚度和腹膜前脂肪厚度，与颈动脉粥样硬化的关联比体重指数更强，使其成为有用的预测指标，特别是在高体重指数个体中。这些标志物可以在常规腹部超声检查时测量，以筛查腹部肥胖患者的动脉粥样硬化风险。
