Jefford Michael, Nekhlyudov Larissa, Smith Andrea L, Chan Raymond J, Lai-Kwon Julia, Hart Nicolas H
Centre for Health Services Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Australian Cancer Survivorship Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2025 Jun;45(3):e471752. doi: 10.1200/EDBK-25-471752. Epub 2025 Apr 14.
Although there is a growing number of people living with advanced or metastatic cancer, primarily because of more effective treatment regimens, there are limited estimates of the actual number of people living with advanced or metastatic cancer. Many people will have treatable but not curable cancers, may have survival measured in years, and may have periods on and off therapy. People with advanced or metastatic disease, as well as their families and caregivers, may experience significant unmet needs, overlapping yet distinct to those with potentially curable cancer. Recently, the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and ASCO developed standards and practice recommendations relevant to the delivery of quality survivorship care for people living with advanced or metastatic cancer. The recommendations included seven domains: (1) person-centered care; (2) coordinated and integrated care; (3) evidence-based and comprehensive care; (4) evaluated and communicated care; (5) accessible and equitable care; (6) sustainable and resourced care; and (7) research and data-driven care. Immediate priorities to improve clinical care include focusing on (1) discussions regarding prognosis and goals of care; (2) routinely assessing physical, psychological, and social unmet needs with referral to appropriate supportive care services; and (3) creating blended models of care, incorporating elements of palliative care and survivorship services. Additional areas for focus include (1) advocacy and policy; (2) system design and health care delivery; (3) defining, measuring, and managing quality; (4) addressing inequity; and (5) research specifically focused on these cancer populations.
尽管患有晚期或转移性癌症的人数在不断增加,这主要归因于更有效的治疗方案,但对于实际患有晚期或转移性癌症的人数估计有限。许多人会患有可治疗但无法治愈的癌症,生存期可能以年计,并且可能会有接受治疗和中断治疗的阶段。患有晚期或转移性疾病的患者及其家人和护理人员可能会有大量未得到满足的需求,这些需求与患有潜在可治愈癌症的患者的需求重叠但又有所不同。最近,多国癌症支持治疗协会和美国临床肿瘤学会制定了与为晚期或转移性癌症患者提供高质量生存护理相关的标准和实践建议。这些建议包括七个领域:(1)以患者为中心的护理;(2)协调和综合护理;(3)基于证据的全面护理;(4)经过评估和沟通的护理;(5)可及且公平的护理;(6)可持续且资源充足的护理;(7)基于研究和数据的护理。改善临床护理的当务之急包括关注:(1)关于预后和护理目标的讨论;(2)定期评估身体、心理和社会方面未得到满足的需求,并转介至适当的支持性护理服务;(3)创建混合护理模式,纳入姑息治疗和生存服务的要素。其他需要关注的领域包括:(1)宣传和政策;(2)系统设计和医疗服务提供;(3)定义、衡量和管理质量;(4)解决不平等问题;(5)专门针对这些癌症人群的研究。