Kim Grace Jeonghyun, Namkoong Kang
Department of Communication, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States.
J Med Internet Res. 2025 Apr 14;27:e68344. doi: 10.2196/68344.
Digital health has become integral to public health care, advancing how services are accessed, delivered, and managed. Health organizations increasingly assess their digital health maturity to leverage these innovations fully. However, existing digital health maturity models (DHMMs) primarily focus on technology and infrastructure, often neglecting critical communication components.
This systematic review addresses gaps in DHMMs by identifying deficiencies in user communication elements and proposing the digital health communication maturity model (DHCMM). The DHCMM integrates critical health communication dimensions such as satisfaction, engagement, personalization, and customization to provide a comprehensive evaluation framework.
We followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines to conduct a systematic review of studies selected from 3 databases: EBSCO, PubMed, and ProQuest. Studies were screened and included based on their focus on digital health maturity and communication elements, with the final selection limited to English-language research addressing DHMMs.
Of the 1138 initially identified studies, 31 (2.72%) met the inclusion criteria. Current DHMMs heavily emphasize infrastructure while overlooking user engagement and communication; for instance, only 35% (11/31) of the reviewed models incorporated user satisfaction, and less than one-fifth (6/31, 19%) addressed personalization or customization. The DHCMM addresses these gaps with 7 maturity levels, ranging from initial to engaged, and emphasizes user-centered metrics and governance. Quantitative analysis showed substantial variations in communication metrics, with satisfaction metrics incorporated at an average rate of 22% (7/31) across the reviewed models.
The DHCMM shifts the focus of digital health maturity assessments by emphasizing communication and user engagement. This model provides health care organizations with a structured framework to enhance digital health initiatives, leading to better patient outcomes and system-wide efficiencies. The model delivers actionable insights for organizations aiming to achieve advanced digital maturity by addressing underrepresented dimensions. Future research should implement and refine the DHCMM across diverse health care contexts to enhance its effectiveness. The adoption of this model could result in more equitable, user-centered health care systems that integrate technological advancements with human-centered care.
数字健康已成为公共卫生保健不可或缺的一部分，推动了服务的获取、提供和管理方式。卫生组织越来越多地评估其数字健康成熟度，以充分利用这些创新。然而，现有的数字健康成熟度模型（DHMMs）主要侧重于技术和基础设施，往往忽视了关键的沟通要素。
本系统评价通过识别用户沟通要素中的缺陷并提出数字健康沟通成熟度模型（DHCMM），来弥补DHMMs中的差距。DHCMM整合了满意度、参与度、个性化和定制化等关键健康沟通维度，以提供一个全面的评估框架。
我们遵循PRISMA（系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目）指南，对从3个数据库（EBSCO、PubMed和ProQuest）中选取的研究进行系统评价。根据研究对数字健康成熟度和沟通要素的关注进行筛选和纳入，最终选择限于涉及DHMMs的英文研究。
在最初识别的1138项研究中，31项（2.72%）符合纳入标准。当前的DHMMs严重强调基础设施，而忽视了用户参与和沟通；例如，在审查的模型中，只有35%（11/31）纳入了用户满意度，不到五分之一（6/31，19%）涉及个性化或定制化。DHCMM通过7个成熟度级别（从初始到参与）解决了这些差距，并强调以用户为中心的指标和治理。定量分析表明，沟通指标存在很大差异，在审查的模型中，满意度指标的纳入率平均为22%（7/31）。
DHCMM通过强调沟通和用户参与，转移了数字健康成熟度评估的重点。该模型为卫生保健组织提供了一个结构化框架，以加强数字健康计划，从而带来更好的患者结局和全系统效率。该模型为旨在通过解决代表性不足的维度来实现高级数字成熟度的组织提供了可操作的见解。未来的研究应在不同的卫生保健环境中实施和完善DHCMM，以提高其有效性。采用该模型可能会带来更公平、以用户为中心的卫生保健系统，将技术进步与以人为本的护理相结合。
