Luo Qixia, Chang Mengru, Lu Ping, Guo Qian, Jiang Xiaoqing, Xiao Tingting, Zhang Haoyu, Ma Yingying, Zhang Yan, Yu Wei, Zhang Erjia, Chen Yunbo, Shen Ping, Ji Jinru, Ying Chaoqun, Liu Zhiying, Zhu Huaiqiu, Xiao Yonghong
State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Center for Quantitative Biology, and Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Nat Commun. 2025 Apr 14;16(1):3536. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-58772-9.
In recent decades, Acinetobacter baumannii has become a major global nosocomial pathogen, with bloodstream infections (BSIs) exhibiting mortality rates exceeding 60% and imposing substantial economic burdens. However, limited large-scale genomic epidemiology has hindered understanding of its population dynamics. Here, we analyzed 1506 non-repetitive BSI-causing A. baumannii isolates from 76 Chinese hospitals over a decade (2011-2021). We identified 149 sequence types (STs) and 101 K-locus types (KLs), revealing increased population diversity. International clone (IC) 2 accounted for 81.74% of isolates, with a notable shift in prevalent STs: ST208 increased while ST191 and ST195 declined, aligning with global trends. ST208 exhibited higher virulence, greater antibiotic resistance, enhanced desiccation tolerance, and more complex transmission patterns compared to ST191 and ST195. Its genomic plasticity drives its adaptation and spread. Using the high-resolution Oxford MLST scheme, this study uncovered greater diversity and genetic factors behind ST208's rise. A. baumannii is evolving from a low-virulence, multidrug-resistant pathogen to a more virulent one, highlighting the urgent need to address its growing threat. These findings have critical implications for infection control and public health policies.
近几十年来，鲍曼不动杆菌已成为全球主要的医院病原体，其血流感染（BSIs）的死亡率超过60%，并带来了巨大的经济负担。然而，有限的大规模基因组流行病学研究阻碍了对其种群动态的了解。在此，我们分析了来自中国76家医院在十年间（2011 - 2021年）的1506株非重复性引起血流感染的鲍曼不动杆菌分离株。我们鉴定出149种序列类型（STs）和101种K位点类型（KLs），揭示了种群多样性的增加。国际克隆（IC）2型占分离株的81.74%，流行的STs有显著变化：ST208增加而ST191和ST195减少，这与全球趋势一致。与ST191和ST195相比，ST208表现出更高的毒力、更强的抗生素耐药性、更强的耐干燥能力以及更复杂的传播模式。其基因组可塑性推动了它的适应和传播。本研究使用高分辨率的牛津多位点序列分型方案，揭示了ST208崛起背后更大的多样性和遗传因素。鲍曼不动杆菌正在从一种低毒力、多重耐药的病原体演变为一种毒性更强的病原体，凸显了应对其日益增长的威胁的迫切需要。这些发现对感染控制和公共卫生政策具有关键意义。
