Shen Zhiming, Shan Yibo, Lu Yi, Zhu Jianwei, Yuan Lei, Chen Wenxuan, Sun Fei, Wang Qi, Wang Yilun, Zhang Yaojing, Xu Xiangyu, Chen Yu, Ge Wei, Chen Wei, Si Panpan, Zhang Renquan, Shi Hongcan
Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Apr 15;23(1):289. doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03328-8.
Tracheal reconstruction presents a significant global clinical challenge due to the unique structure and function of the trachea, which complicates its repair. Key challenges include restoring tracheal function post-transplantation, managing surgical complications, and ensuring the long-term survival of transplanted tissue. Furthermore, adequate vascularization of the transplanted trachea, along with the repair of cartilage and epithelial cells, is critical for facilitating functional recovery and successful reconstruction. In this study, a decellularized tracheal matrix was extracted to preserve its natural bioactivity. Nanoclay and GelMA were then employed as carrier materials to integrate with the decellularized tracheal matrix, forming a hydrogel scaffold. Both nanoclay and GelMA offer tunable porous structures and surface properties that promote cell adhesion and proliferation, while providing sufficient mechanical support. By leveraging the biological functions of endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes, we successfully loaded exosomes onto the decellularized extracellular matrix, creating a novel cell-free tracheal scaffold for investigating tracheal defect repair. The scaffold exhibited excellent biocompatibility, promoting graft vascularization and facilitating the repair of tracheal cartilage and epithelium. These findings hold significant promise for advancing tracheal reconstruction surgery and offer valuable insights for future research in this area.
由于气管独特的结构和功能，气管重建在全球范围内都面临着重大的临床挑战，这使得气管修复变得复杂。主要挑战包括移植后恢复气管功能、处理手术并发症以及确保移植组织的长期存活。此外，移植气管的充分血管化以及软骨和上皮细胞的修复，对于促进功能恢复和成功重建至关重要。在本研究中，提取了去细胞气管基质以保留其天然生物活性。然后将纳米粘土和甲基丙烯酰化明胶用作载体材料与去细胞气管基质整合，形成水凝胶支架。纳米粘土和甲基丙烯酰化明胶都具有可调节的多孔结构和表面特性，可促进细胞粘附和增殖，同时提供足够的机械支撑。通过利用内皮祖细胞衍生外泌体的生物学功能，我们成功地将外泌体负载到去细胞细胞外基质上，创建了一种新型的无细胞气管支架用于研究气管缺损修复。该支架表现出优异的生物相容性，促进移植物血管化并有助于气管软骨和上皮的修复。这些发现为推进气管重建手术带来了巨大希望，并为该领域的未来研究提供了有价值的见解。
