Kim Dan, El Khoury Sarah, Pérez-Carrascal Olga Maria, DeSousa Catherin, Jung Da Kyung, Bohley Seneca, Wijaya Lila, Trang Kenneth, Shapira Michael
Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
iScience. 2025 Mar 13;28(4):112209. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112209. eCollection 2025 Apr 18.
Gut microbiomes contribute to animal health and fitness. The immense biochemical diversity of bacteria holds particular potential for neutralizing environmental toxins and thus helping hosts deal with new toxic challenges. To explore this potential, we used harboring a defined microbiome, and the antibiotic neomycin as a model toxin, differentially affecting microbiome strains, and also toxic to worms. Worms exposed to neomycin showed delayed development and reduced survival but were protected when colonized with neomycin-resistant . 16S rRNA sequencing, bacterial load quantification, genetic manipulation, and behavioral assays showed that protection was linked to enrichment of carrying a neomycin-modifying enzyme. Enrichment was facilitated by altered bacterial competition in the gut, as well as by KGB-1/JNK-dependent behavioral changes. While microbiome remodeling conferred toxin resistance, it was associated with reduced infection resistance and metabolic changes. These findings suggest that microbiome adaptation can help animals cope with stressors but may have long-term consequences that add to effects of direct intoxication.
肠道微生物群有助于动物的健康和体能。细菌巨大的生化多样性在中和环境毒素方面具有独特潜力，从而帮助宿主应对新的毒性挑战。为了探索这种潜力，我们以携带特定微生物群的线虫以及抗生素新霉素作为模型毒素进行研究，新霉素会对微生物菌株产生不同影响，并且对线虫也有毒性。暴露于新霉素的线虫发育延迟且存活率降低，但当定殖有耐新霉素的微生物时则受到保护。16S rRNA测序、细菌载量定量、基因操作和行为分析表明，这种保护与携带新霉素修饰酶的微生物的富集有关。肠道中细菌竞争的改变以及KGB-1/JNK依赖的行为变化促进了这种富集。虽然微生物群重塑赋予了毒素抗性，但它与感染抗性降低和代谢变化有关。这些发现表明，微生物群适应可以帮助动物应对应激源，但可能会产生长期后果，从而加剧直接中毒的影响。
