Abd-Elrahman Salwa Mahmoud, Kamel Fatma Atea, Abdel-Hakeem Sara Salah, Khedr Abeer A, Mohamed Shaymaa M, Abdelgaber Ahmed A, Darwish Madeha, Al-Hakami Ahmed M, Alqahtani Abdulah J, Dyab Ahmed Kamal
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Mar 31;12:1543162. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1543162. eCollection 2025.
Tick-borne diseases represent a major threat to both animal and human health globally. This study explores the prevalence of tick infestation and associated piroplasm infections specifically and species in cattle, in addition to evaluating the acaricidal effectiveness of extract () and neem oil emulsion ().
Among 130 cattle examined, 61 were infested with ticks and subsequently screened for piroplasm infections. Molecular analysis identified infections caused by and .
A strong association was found between tick infestation and species, while infection showed a slight correlation. Hemolymph examination confirmed the critical role of ticks in the life cycle of piroplasm infection. extract and neem oil were tested for their acaricidal properties against adult ticks (). extract (0.5 mg/mL) caused tick mortality within 24 h. However, neem oil induced rapid and significant tick mortality at (20 mg/L) and (15 mg/L), achieving 100% mortality within the same time frame. Both treatments demonstrated high effectiveness, with results indicating strong dose-and time-dependent effects compared to controls. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed extensive morphological damage to treated ticks. This damage included destruction of the hypostome, loss of surface striations, wrinkling with pore formation, and cracking following exposure to neem oil and extract.
These findings highlight the potential of extract and neem oil emulsion as effective natural acaricides for controlling tick infestations and reducing tick-borne diseases.
蜱传疾病对全球动物和人类健康构成重大威胁。本研究专门探讨了牛身上蜱虫感染的流行情况以及相关的梨形虫感染和种类，此外还评估了[提取物名称]提取物和印楝油乳液的杀螨效果。
在检查的130头牛中，61头牛感染了蜱虫，随后对其进行梨形虫感染筛查。分子分析确定了由[具体病原体名称]和[具体病原体名称]引起的感染。
发现蜱虫感染与[蜱虫种类]之间存在密切关联，而[具体病原体名称]感染显示出轻微相关性。血淋巴检查证实了蜱虫在梨形虫感染生命周期中的关键作用。对[提取物名称]提取物和印楝油针对成年蜱虫（[蜱虫种类]）的杀螨特性进行了测试。[提取物名称]提取物（0.5毫克/毫升）在24小时内导致蜱虫死亡。然而，印楝油在（20毫克/升）和（15毫克/升）时诱导蜱虫迅速且显著死亡，在相同时间内死亡率达到100%。两种处理均显示出高效性，结果表明与对照组相比具有强烈的剂量和时间依赖性效应。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示处理后的蜱虫出现广泛的形态损伤。这种损伤包括口下板的破坏、表面条纹的丧失、形成孔隙的皱纹以及暴露于印楝油和[提取物名称]提取物后出现的破裂。
这些发现突出了[提取物名称]提取物和印楝油乳液作为控制蜱虫感染和减少蜱传疾病的有效天然杀螨剂的潜力。
