通过保险安全干预资助计划对紧急医疗服务用电动安全患者搬运设备的综述。
Review of Powered, Safe Patient-Handling Equipment for Emergency Medical Services via an Insurance Safety Intervention Grant Program.
作者信息
Hayden Marie A, Reichard Audrey A, Lowe Brian D, Naber Steven J, Wurzelbacher Steven J
机构信息
Division of Field Studies and Engineering, NIOSH, Cincinnati, OhioUSA.
Division of Safety Research, NIOSH, Morgantown, West VirginiaUSA.
出版信息
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2025 Apr;40(2):64-72. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X25000196. Epub 2025 Apr 15.
BACKGROUND
Powered equipment for patient handling was designed to alleviate Emergency Medical Service (EMS) clinician injuries while lifting patients. This project evaluated the organizational rationale for purchasing powered equipment and the outcomes from equipment use.
METHODS
This project analyzed secondary data obtained via an insurance Safety Intervention Grant (SIG) program in Ohio USA. These data were primarily in reports from EMS organizations. Investigators applied a mixed-methods approach, analyzing quantitative data from 297 grants and qualitative data from a sample of 64 grants. Analysts abstracted data related to: work-related injuries or risk of musculoskeletal-disorders (MSD), employee feedback regarding acceptance or rejection, and impact on quality, productivity, staffing, and cost.
RESULTS
A total of $16.67 million (2018 adjusted USD) was spent from 2005 through 2018 for powered cots, powered loading systems, powered stair chairs, and non-patient handling equipment (eg, chest compression system, powered roller). Organizations purchased equipment to accommodate staff demographics (height, age, sex) and patient characteristics (weight, impairments). Grantees were fire departments ( = 254) and public ( = 19) and private ( = 24) EMS organizations consisting of career (45%), volunteer (20%), and a combination of career and volunteer (35%) staff. Powered equipment reduced reported musculoskeletal injuries, and organizations reported it improved EMS clinicians' safety. Organization feedback was mostly positive, and no organization indicated outright rejection of the purchased equipment. Analyst-identified design advantages for powered cots included increased patient weight capacity and hydraulic features, but the greater weight of the powered cot was a disadvantage. The locking mechanism to hold the cot during transportation was reported as an advantage, but it was a disadvantage for older cots without a compatibility conversion kit. Around one-half of organizations described a positive impact on quality of care and patient safety resulting from the new equipment.
CONCLUSION
Overall, organizations reported improved EMS clinicians' safety but noted that not all safety concerns were addressed by the new equipment.
背景
用于搬运患者的电动设备旨在减轻紧急医疗服务（EMS）临床医生在搬运患者时的损伤。本项目评估了购买电动设备的组织理由以及设备使用的结果。
方法
本项目分析了通过美国俄亥俄州的保险安全干预补助金（SIG）计划获得的二手数据。这些数据主要来自EMS组织的报告。研究人员采用了混合方法，分析了来自297项补助金的定量数据和来自64项补助金样本的定性数据。分析人员提取了与以下方面相关的数据：与工作相关的损伤或肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）风险、员工对接受或拒绝的反馈，以及对质量、生产力、人员配备和成本的影响。
结果
2005年至2018年期间，共花费了1667万美元（2018年调整后的美元）用于购买电动担架、电动装载系统、电动楼梯椅和非患者搬运设备（如胸部按压系统、电动滚筒）。各组织购买设备以适应员工人口统计学特征（身高、年龄、性别）和患者特征（体重、损伤情况）。受资助者包括消防部门（n = 254）以及公共（n = 19）和私人（n = 24）EMS组织，其工作人员包括职业人员（45%）、志愿者（20%）以及职业和志愿者混合人员（35%）。电动设备减少了报告的肌肉骨骼损伤，各组织报告称其提高了EMS临床医生的安全性。组织反馈大多是积极的，没有组织表示完全拒绝所购买的设备。分析人员确定的电动担架的设计优点包括增加患者承载重量和液压功能，但电动担架较重是一个缺点。据报告，在运输过程中固定担架的锁定机制是一个优点，但对于没有兼容性转换套件的旧担架来说是一个缺点。约一半的组织描述了新设备对护理质量和患者安全产生的积极影响。
结论
总体而言，各组织报告称EMS临床医生的安全性有所提高，但指出并非所有安全问题都能通过新设备得到解决。
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