Moneta Maria Victoria, Haro Josep Maria, Plana-Ripoll Oleguer, Olaya Beatriz
Epidemiology of Mental Health Disorders and Ageing Research Group, Sant Joan de Déu Research Institute, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Research, Teaching, and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Carrer Doctor Antoni Pujada, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes allé 43-45, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark; National Centre for Register-based Research, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Psychiatry Res. 2025 Jun;348:116480. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116480. Epub 2025 Apr 3.
There is strong evidence that people with mental disorders have a premature mortality, with physical diseases, as well as suicide, accounting for it in large part. However, there is a lack of studies focused on common mental disorders in Southern Europe. This study aims to calculate the reduction in life expectancy for different mental disorders according to all-cause mortality and for specific causes of death using national registers from Catalonia (Spain). This population register-based study includes clinical information on all adults over 18 years of age using the Catalan public healthcare system from January 2005 to December 2016 (355,540 females and 182,529 males with mental disorders). Mental disorders were classified into eleven categories, and causes of death were grouped as natural and unnatural and then further divided into nine groups. For each disorder, the life-years lost were estimated for all-cause mortality and for each specific cause of death in males and females. All mental disorders showed a shorter remaining life expectancy after diagnosis than the reference population of the same age. The disorders associated with the largest reduction in life expectancy were alcohol and drug dependence and abuse, and schizophrenia. Natural causes and, to a lesser extent, suicide, were the predominant contributors to excess mortality for all types of mental disorders. Our findings suggest that mental disorders are associated with premature mortality in Catalonia. Furthermore, natural causes are the primary contributors to premature mortality, indicating the need for better management of medical conditions in this population.
有充分证据表明，精神障碍患者过早死亡，其中身体疾病以及自杀在很大程度上导致了这一情况。然而，缺乏针对南欧常见精神障碍的研究。本研究旨在根据全因死亡率以及特定死因，利用加泰罗尼亚（西班牙）的国家登记数据，计算不同精神障碍导致的预期寿命缩短情况。这项基于人群登记的研究纳入了2005年1月至2016年12月期间使用加泰罗尼亚公共医疗系统的所有18岁以上成年人的临床信息（355,540名患有精神障碍的女性和182,529名患有精神障碍的男性）。精神障碍被分为11类，死因分为自然和非自然两类，然后进一步细分为9组。对于每种障碍，估计了男性和女性全因死亡率以及每种特定死因导致的生命年损失。所有精神障碍在诊断后的剩余预期寿命均短于同年龄的参照人群。与预期寿命缩短幅度最大相关的障碍是酒精和药物依赖及滥用，以及精神分裂症。自然原因以及在较小程度上的自杀，是所有类型精神障碍超额死亡率的主要促成因素。我们的研究结果表明，精神障碍与加泰罗尼亚的过早死亡有关。此外，自然原因是过早死亡的主要促成因素，这表明需要更好地管理该人群的医疗状况。
