Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Over-the-Counter Prescription of Topical Eye Medications Among the General Population of Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND

Self-medication with over-the-counter (OTC) topical eye medications is prevalent and poses potential risks such as adverse effects, drug-drug interactions, and improper treatment. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the general population in Saudi Arabia regarding the use of OTC topical eye medications.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using an online Arabic questionnaire. A mixture of convenience and snowball sampling methods was employed to recruit participants. The target population included Saudi residents aged 18 and older. A total of 601 participants, comprising 324 males (53.9%) and 277 females (46.1%), were included. The questionnaire was retested for reliability before distribution. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests used to assess relationships between variables.

RESULTS

The study found that 124 participants (91.9%) who used OTC eye drops once reported no adverse effects, while 11 participants (8.1%) experienced side effects. Among those who used OTC eye drops more frequently, 215 participants (98.6%) reported no adverse events, while three participants (1.4%) experienced adverse effects. A statistically significant relationship was found between the frequency of OTC eye drop use and the occurrence of side effects (p=0.005). Awareness of the risks associated with OTC eye drop misuse was generally low.

CONCLUSION

The findings highlight the need for targeted public health initiatives in Saudi Arabia to educate individuals about the safe and appropriate use of OTC topical eye medications and the potential risks of misuse.