Singh Amit K, Mishra Prabhaker
Trauma, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, IND.
Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, IND.
Cureus. 2025 Mar 16;17(3):e80657. doi: 10.7759/cureus.80657. eCollection 2025 Mar.
Trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, particularly in low- and middle-income (LMIC) countries like India, where road traffic injuries (RTIs) dominate. Despite advancements in medical technology, trauma care remains underdeveloped due to resource limitations, inadequate pre-hospital care, and poor compliance with safety measures. This study aimed to analyze the clinical-epidemiological profile of trauma patients and develop strategies for effective trauma prevention and management.
A retrospective review of 3,705 trauma patients admitted to a level I trauma center between July 2018 and June 2024 was conducted. Data on demographics, injury mechanisms, triage priority, treatment outcomes, and resource utilization were analyzed. Patients were managed following Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) protocols, with multidisciplinary care and trauma registry utilization.
RTIs accounted for 67.3% of cases, with two-wheeler accidents being the most common (84.7%). Males comprised 78.3% of patients, with a mean age of 37.5 years. Alcohol intoxication was present in 41.9% of cases. Head injuries (1663/3705; 44.9%) and polytrauma (719/3705; 19.5%) were prevalent, with a mortality rate of 4.0%. ICU admission was required for 58.4% (n=2165) of patients, and of these, 992 (45.8%) needed mechanical ventilation. Of the 2,111 two-wheeler-related accidents, only 33% (696) wore helmets and of the 201 four-wheeler accidents, seatbelts were worn by only 41% (n=83). Low compliance with helmet and seatbelt use exacerbated injury severity.
The study emphasizes the critical need for tighter enforcement of seatbelt and helmet regulations, improved pre-hospital care systems, and improved road safety measures. To lower trauma-related morbidity and mortality in India, it is essential to build trauma registries, strengthen the infrastructure for trauma care, and put evidence-based policies into place.
创伤是全球发病和死亡的主要原因，在印度等低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC）尤为突出，在这些国家道路交通伤害（RTIs）占主导地位。尽管医疗技术有所进步，但由于资源限制、院前护理不足以及对安全措施的依从性差，创伤护理仍然不发达。本研究旨在分析创伤患者的临床流行病学特征，并制定有效的创伤预防和管理策略。
对2018年7月至2024年6月期间入住一级创伤中心的3705例创伤患者进行回顾性研究。分析了人口统计学、损伤机制、分诊优先级、治疗结果和资源利用等数据。患者按照高级创伤生命支持（ATLS）方案进行管理，采用多学科护理并利用创伤登记系统。
道路交通伤害占病例的67.3%，其中两轮车事故最为常见（84.7%）。男性占患者的78.3%，平均年龄为37.5岁。41.9%的病例存在酒精中毒。头部损伤（1663/3705；44.9%）和多发伤（719/3705；19.5%）较为普遍，死亡率为4.0%。58.4%（n = 2165）的患者需要入住重症监护病房（ICU），其中992例（45.8%）需要机械通气。在2111起与两轮车相关的事故中，只有33%（696例）佩戴了头盔；在201起四轮车事故中，只有41%（n = 83）系了安全带。头盔和安全带使用的低依从性加剧了损伤的严重程度。
该研究强调了更严格执行安全带和头盔法规、改善院前护理系统以及加强道路安全措施的迫切需求。为降低印度与创伤相关的发病率和死亡率，建立创伤登记系统、加强创伤护理基础设施以及实施循证政策至关重要。
