Lu Wei, Fan Hui, Zhang Yuchang, Cai Bingbing, Wang Xinxin, Xue Zhanjun, Li Qingyun
College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Apr 16;25(1):487. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06518-6.
Root-applied low-concentration NaCl (e.g., 40 mM) has been shown to maintain the yield and enhance both nutritional and functional quality in salt-sensitive strawberry cultivars. However, the potential benefits of foliar low-concentration NaCl application on strawberry plants have rarely been investigated to avoid secondary soil salinization through long-term root application, especially the effects on fruit quality during greenhouse high-temperature periods.
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. cv. Benihoppe) plants were foliar sprayed with 0 (CK), 5, 10, 15, and 20 mM NaCl solutions once a day from fruit setting to ripening under high-temperature period in a solar greenhouse where quality deterioration was observed. The physiological traits of strawberry leaves and the quality of fruits were measured to explore the beneficial effects of low-concentration NaCl solutions.
Compared with the control (CK), foliar spraying with low-concentration NaCl solutions significantly increased the photosynthetic efficiency and mineral element content of strawberry leaves; enhanced the color of strawberry fruits; and increased the weight, size, color, soluble sugar content (e.g., glucose, fructose, and sucrose), and secondary metabolite production (e.g., vitamin C, phenolics, and flavonoids) of strawberry fruits. Additionally, foliar spraying with low-concentration NaCl solutions significantly decreased the organic acid content (e.g., malic and citric acids) in strawberry fruits. According to redundancy analysis, foliar spraying with NaCl induced the accumulation of Na in strawberry leaves and Cl in strawberry fruits, which may have contributed to the increase in physiological activity of leaves and the improvement in fruit quality, respectively.
The foliar spraying of 10-15 mM NaCl, an economical and beneficial method, improves photosynthetic efficiency, thereby promoting formation and accumulation of strawberry fruit nutrients under high-temperature period in greenhouses.
已表明根部施用低浓度氯化钠（例如40 mM）可维持盐敏感型草莓品种的产量，并提高其营养品质和功能品质。然而，为避免长期根部施用导致土壤次生盐渍化，很少有人研究叶面喷施低浓度氯化钠对草莓植株的潜在益处，尤其是在温室高温期对果实品质的影响。
在观察到品质劣化的日光温室内高温期，从坐果到成熟，每天对草莓（红颜草莓品种）植株叶面喷施0（对照）、5、10、15和20 mM氯化钠溶液一次。测定草莓叶片的生理特性和果实品质，以探究低浓度氯化钠溶液的有益效果。
与对照相比，叶面喷施低浓度氯化钠溶液显著提高了草莓叶片的光合效率和矿质元素含量；改善了草莓果实的色泽；增加了草莓果实的重量、大小、色泽、可溶性糖含量（如葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖）以及次生代谢产物产量（如维生素C、酚类和黄酮类）。此外，叶面喷施低浓度氯化钠溶液显著降低了草莓果实中的有机酸含量（如苹果酸和柠檬酸）。根据冗余分析，叶面喷施氯化钠诱导了草莓叶片中钠的积累和草莓果实中氯的积累，这可能分别有助于叶片生理活性的提高和果实品质的改善。
叶面喷施10 - 15 mM氯化钠是一种经济有益的方法，可提高光合效率，从而在温室高温期促进草莓果实营养物质的形成和积累。
