Ma Jianjun, Song Yuheng, Zhang Mingxia, Liu Guohao, Li Weiming, Federici John F, Mittleman Daniel M
School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave and Terahertz Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Fundam Res. 2024 Oct 16;5(2):526-555. doi: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.09.012. eCollection 2025 Mar.
With the growing demand for higher wireless data rates, the interest in extending the carrier frequency of wireless links to the terahertz (THz) range has significantly increased. For long-distance outdoor wireless communications, THz channels may suffer substantial power loss and security issues due to atmospheric weather effects. It is crucial to assess the impact of weather on high-capacity data transmission to evaluate wireless system link budgets and performance accurately. In this article, we provide an insight into the propagation characteristics of THz channels under atmospheric conditions and the security aspects of THz communication systems in future applications. We conduct a comprehensive survey of our recent research and experimental findings on THz channel transmission and physical layer security, synthesizing and categorizing the state-of-the-art research in this domain. Our analysis encompasses various atmospheric phenomena, including molecular absorption, scattering effects, and turbulence, elucidating their intricate interactions with THz waves and the resultant implications for channel modeling and system design. Furthermore, we investigate the unique security challenges posed by THz communications, examining potential vulnerabilities and proposing novel countermeasures to enhance the resilience of these high-frequency systems against eavesdropping and other security threats. Finally, we discuss the challenges and limitations of such high-frequency wireless communications and provide insights into future research prospects for realizing the 6G vision, emphasizing the need for innovative solutions to overcome the atmospheric hurdles and security concerns in THz communications.
随着对更高无线数据速率的需求不断增长，将无线链路的载波频率扩展到太赫兹（THz）范围的兴趣显著增加。对于长距离户外无线通信，由于大气天气影响，太赫兹信道可能会遭受大量功率损耗和安全问题。评估天气对高容量数据传输的影响对于准确评估无线系统链路预算和性能至关重要。在本文中，我们深入探讨了大气条件下太赫兹信道的传播特性以及太赫兹通信系统在未来应用中的安全方面。我们对近期关于太赫兹信道传输和物理层安全的研究及实验结果进行了全面调查，对该领域的最新研究进行了综合和分类。我们的分析涵盖了各种大气现象，包括分子吸收、散射效应和湍流，阐明了它们与太赫兹波的复杂相互作用以及对信道建模和系统设计的影响。此外，我们研究了太赫兹通信带来的独特安全挑战，检查潜在漏洞并提出新颖的对策，以增强这些高频系统抵御窃听和其他安全威胁的能力。最后，我们讨论了这种高频无线通信的挑战和局限性，并对实现6G愿景的未来研究前景提供了见解，强调需要创新解决方案来克服太赫兹通信中的大气障碍和安全问题。
