Li Shiqin, Liu Qian, Ma Mengmeng, Fang Jinghuan, He Li
Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
J Neurol. 2025 Apr 17;272(5):346. doi: 10.1007/s00415-025-13078-0.
Previous studies have linked migraine to weather conditions, but variations in the factors examined and inconsistent focus have complicated comparisons. This underscores the need for a more comprehensive and clearer analysis.
Studies published before December 2024 on the association between weather and migraine were searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Meta-analyses based on effect sizes were performed using Review Manager version 5.4.1.
A total of 31 studies were included in the meta-analyses. It revealed a significant association between migraine attack and weather changes reported as a trigger factor (RD = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.40-0.54). Additionally, specific weather factors, such as temperature (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.02-1.29) and ambient pressure (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.01-1.15), were significantly associated with migraine attacks, while humidity (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.97-1.11) did not show a significant association. Moreover, increased levels of air pollutants, including PM10 (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.03-1.11), PM2.5 (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01-1.06), NO (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.03-1.14), CO (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.01-1.16), and O (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.03-1.21), were significantly associated with an increased risk of migraine clinical visits, whereas SO (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.00-1.04) was not.
This meta-analysis revealed that weather changes are significant trigger factors for migraine, with temperature and ambient pressure playing notable roles in this association. Additionally, increased levels of air pollutants are linked to a higher risk of migraine attacks. These findings could lead to new interventions for patients who are weather-sensitive and offer fresh perspectives for future research into the pathogenesis of migraine.
先前的研究已将偏头痛与天气状况联系起来，但所研究因素的差异以及关注点不一致使得比较变得复杂。这凸显了进行更全面、更清晰分析的必要性。
从PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane检索了2024年12月之前发表的关于天气与偏头痛关联的研究。使用Review Manager 5.4.1版基于效应量进行荟萃分析。
荟萃分析共纳入31项研究。结果显示，偏头痛发作与被报告为触发因素的天气变化之间存在显著关联（风险差值=0.47，95%置信区间=0.40-0.54）。此外，特定的天气因素，如温度（比值比=1.15，95%置信区间=1.02-1.29）和环境压力（比值比=1.07，95%置信区间=1.01-1.15）与偏头痛发作显著相关，而湿度（比值比=1.04，95%置信区间=0.97-1.11）未显示出显著关联。此外，空气污染物水平升高，包括PM10（比值比=1.07，95%置信区间=1.03-1.11）、PM2.5（比值比=1.04，95%置信区间=1.01-1.06）、NO（比值比=1.08，95%置信区间=1.03-1.14）、CO（比值比=1.08，95%置信区间=1.01-1.16）和O₃（比值比=1.12，95%置信区间=1.03-1.21），与偏头痛临床就诊风险增加显著相关，而SO₂（比值比=1.02，95%置信区间=1.00-1.04）则不然。
这项荟萃分析表明，天气变化是偏头痛的重要触发因素，温度和环境压力在这种关联中起显著作用。此外，空气污染物水平升高与偏头痛发作风险增加有关。这些发现可能为对天气敏感的患者带来新的干预措施，并为未来偏头痛发病机制的研究提供新的视角。
