Alsofi Loai
Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia, Phone: +966555318481, e-mail:
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2025 Jan 1;26(1):62-70. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3791.
This study aimed to evaluate the bioactivity and depth of penetration of three endodontic root canal sealers: AH Plus (AH), Endosequence Bioceramic Sealer BC, and Endosequence Bioceramic HiFlow Sealer (HiFlow).
Thirty extracted mandibular premolars with single canals were randomly divided into three groups ( = 10) based on the sealer used for root canal obturation. Ten teeth were obturated with AH Plus (AH) sealer and warm vertical compaction (WVC), 10 teeth were obturated with bioceramic root canal sealer (BC), and single cone obturation, and 10 teeth were obturated with bioceramic high flow (HiFlow) sealer and WVC. The groups were further divided into two subgroups ( = 5) for immersion in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or deionized water (DIW) for 28 days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis were used to assess the depth of sealer penetration and elemental composition, respectively. Statistical analyses were conducted using one-way ANOVA, Tukey's HSD, and paired -tests.
HiFlow exhibited the highest depth of penetration (103.2 ± 42.2 μm), followed by AH (94.6 ± 36.3 μm) and BC (88.6 ± 43.3 μm), with no statistically significant differences between the groups ( = 0.510). Elemental analysis revealed significant differences in Ca/P ratios in AH between PBS (1.8 ± 0.14) and DIW (3.0 ± 0.07) ( < 0.05). Hydroxyapatite crystal formation was observed in PBS-immersed samples from the HiFlow sealer group, indicating the bioactivity of bioceramic sealers.
All three sealers show some form of bioactivity represented by the release of different elements. HiFlow demonstrated superior penetration depth, particularly when used with WVC.
Based on the results of the study, the use of HiFlow root canal sealer combined with WVC results in better sealer-dentin interaction and improves the quality of obturation. How to cite this article: Alsofi L. Bioactivity and Element Composition of Three Endodontic Root Canal Sealers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(1):62-70.
本研究旨在评估三种根管封闭剂的生物活性和渗透深度：AH Plus（AH）、Endosequence生物陶瓷封闭剂BC和Endosequence生物陶瓷高流量封闭剂（HiFlow）。
30颗单根管的离体下颌前磨牙根据用于根管充填的封闭剂随机分为三组（每组n = 10）。10颗牙齿用AH Plus（AH）封闭剂和热垂直加压法（WVC）进行充填，10颗牙齿用生物陶瓷根管封闭剂（BC）进行单锥充填，10颗牙齿用生物陶瓷高流量（HiFlow）封闭剂和WVC进行充填。每组再分为两个亚组（每组n = 5），分别浸泡在磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）或去离子水（DIW）中28天。分别使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能量色散X射线（EDX）分析来评估封闭剂的渗透深度和元素组成。采用单因素方差分析、Tukey's HSD和配对t检验进行统计分析。
HiFlow的渗透深度最高（103.2±42.2μm），其次是AH（94.6±36.3μm）和BC（88.6±43.3μm），各组之间无统计学显著差异（P = 0.510）。元素分析显示，AH在PBS（1.8±0.14）和DIW（3.0±0.07）中的钙磷比存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。在HiFlow封闭剂组浸泡于PBS的样本中观察到羟基磷灰石晶体形成，表明生物陶瓷封闭剂具有生物活性。
所有三种封闭剂均表现出以不同元素释放为代表的某种形式的生物活性。HiFlow显示出更好的渗透深度，尤其是与WVC联合使用时。
基于本研究结果，使用HiFlow根管封闭剂联合WVC可产生更好的封闭剂与牙本质的相互作用，提高充填质量。如何引用本文：Alsofi L.三种根管封闭剂的生物活性和元素组成。《当代牙科实践杂志》2025；26（1）：62 - 70。
