Aghaee Fatemeh, Abedinpour Mohammadreza, Anvari Saeid, Saberi Alia, Fallah Amir, Bakhshi Arash
Member Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Department of Neurology, Neurosciences Research Center, Poursina Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2025 Apr 4;19:1500770. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2025.1500770. eCollection 2025.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disorder involving the central nervous system (CNS), in which demyelination is caused. The initiation and progression of MS is thought to depend largely on CD4 T lymphocytes, yet new data has emphasized the involvement of the innate immune system in the MS disease responses. Generally, several types of immune cells play a part, with natural killer (NK) cells being essential. Different subsets of natural killer cells function differently within the course of an autoimmune disease, such as MS. There are mainly two types of natural killers in humans: immature CD56 CD16 and mature CD56 CD16 natural killers, together with their respective subtypes. Factors from natural killers expand the T cell population and control the process by which native CD4 T cells differentiate into Th1 or Th2 lymphocytes, which affect autoimmune responses. Natural killer subsets CD56 and CD56 may have differing roles in MS development. The impact of these NK cell subsets is influenced by factors such as Granzymes, genetics, infections, TLR, and HSP. We reviewed and evaluated the relationship between natural killer cells and MS.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种涉及中枢神经系统（CNS）的免疫介导性疾病，会引发脱髓鞘病变。MS的发病和进展在很大程度上被认为依赖于CD4 T淋巴细胞，但新数据强调了固有免疫系统在MS疾病反应中的作用。一般来说，几种类型的免疫细胞都发挥作用，其中自然杀伤（NK）细胞至关重要。不同亚群的自然杀伤细胞在自身免疫性疾病（如MS）过程中发挥不同功能。人类主要有两种自然杀伤细胞：未成熟的CD56⁺CD16⁻和成熟的CD56⁻CD16⁺自然杀伤细胞，以及它们各自的亚型。自然杀伤细胞产生的因子可扩大T细胞群体，并控制天然CD4 T细胞分化为Th1或Th2淋巴细胞的过程，这会影响自身免疫反应。自然杀伤细胞亚群CD56⁺和CD56⁻在MS发展过程中可能发挥不同作用。这些NK细胞亚群的影响受颗粒酶、遗传学、感染、Toll样受体（TLR）和热休克蛋白（HSP）等因素影响。我们回顾并评估了自然杀伤细胞与MS之间的关系。
