Dias Luís Gustavo Gosuen Gonçalves, Rocha Thiago André Salvitti Sá, Malta Caio Afonso Santos, Minto Bruno Watanabe, Carrera Alefe Luiz Caliani
Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences of the São Paulo State University (FCAV UNESP), Jaboticabal, State of São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Jatai (UFJ), Jataí, State of Goiás, Brazil.
Vet Med Int. 2025 Apr 10;2025:7875699. doi: 10.1155/vmi/7875699. eCollection 2025.
The stabilization of long-bone fractures using intramedullary nails offers significant biological advantages for bone healing. Nevertheless, the mechanical stability of the implant-bone interface remains suboptimal due to the absence of models capable of generating interfragmentary compression at the fracture site. To address these limitations, this study aims to describe and evaluate a novel dynamic compression angle-stable interlocking intramedullary nail (DCASIN), designed for use in conjunction with a compression device (CD). Its performance was compared with conventional and angle-stable interlocking intramedullary nails. Implantation was demonstrated using a tube-based bone model with transverse fractures. Compression was achieved in the proximal aspect of the DCASIN through an oblong hole that allowed the insertion of a Steinmann pin, which was then subjected to the thrust of the CD's primary screw (PS). To evaluate dynamic compression, a load cell connected to the Arduino/Genuíno Uno software was utilized. Three groups of interlocking nails were assessed: G1 (conventional), G2 (angle-stable), and G3 (DCASIN), with measurements taken at four time points (M1: prelocking, M2: after the first screw or PS for the DCASIN, M3: after the second implant, and M4: one-minute post-M3). No statistically significant differences in compression forces were observed for G1 and G2 across the measured time points. In contrast, G3 exhibited significantly higher compression at M2 than at M3 and M4, and its compression forces at M2, M3, and M4 were significantly greater than those in G1 and G2. Finite element analysis revealed no significant deformation in G3 during compression. In conclusion, the DCASIN combined with the CD achieved and sustained superior compression forces compared to conventional and angle-stable nails, thereby offering a promising alternative for the internal fixation of long bones.
使用髓内钉稳定长骨骨折为骨愈合提供了显著的生物学优势。然而，由于缺乏能够在骨折部位产生骨折块间压缩的模型，植入物与骨界面的机械稳定性仍然不尽人意。为了解决这些局限性，本研究旨在描述和评估一种新型动态加压角稳定交锁髓内钉（DCASIN），其设计用于与加压装置（CD）配合使用。将其性能与传统交锁髓内钉和角稳定交锁髓内钉进行了比较。使用带有横向骨折的管状骨模型演示了植入过程。通过一个椭圆形孔在DCASIN的近端实现加压，该孔允许插入一根斯氏针，然后该针承受CD主螺钉（PS）的推力。为了评估动态加压，使用了一个连接到Arduino/Genuíno Uno软件的测力传感器。评估了三组交锁髓内钉：G1（传统型）、G2（角稳定型）和G3（DCASIN），在四个时间点进行测量（M1：锁定前，M2：DCASIN植入第一枚螺钉或PS后，M3：植入第二枚植入物后，M4：M3后一分钟）。在测量的时间点上，G1和G2的压缩力没有统计学上的显著差异。相比之下，G3在M2时的压缩明显高于M3和M4，并且其在M2、M3和M4时的压缩力明显大于G1和G2中的压缩力。有限元分析显示G3在压缩过程中没有明显变形。总之，与传统和角稳定髓内钉相比，DCASIN与CD结合实现并维持了更高的压缩力，从而为长骨内固定提供了一种有前景的替代方案。
