Nizam Mustafa Yigit, Selçuk Murat, Kirikkulak Murat
Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Türkiye.
Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Türkiye.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Apr 4;12:1562053. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1562053. eCollection 2025.
Cryopreservation, widely used in commercial poultry breeding, often reduces sperm motility, viability, and DNA integrity due to cryopreservation-induced damage. This study evaluates the effects of water bath and dry thawing systems on the post-thaw quality of rooster spermatozoa, addressing these challenges and exploring methods to enhance sperm quality.
The study compared the performance of water bath and dry thawing systems, both operated at 37°C for 30 s. Post-thaw assessments included sperm motility, morphology, kinematic characteristics, and DNA integrity. Key parameters such as total motility, progressive motility, curvilinear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP), straight-line velocity (VSL), viability, morphological abnormalities, and DNA damage metrics were analyzed.
The dry thawing system significantly improved sperm quality compared to the water bath method. Total motility and progressive motility were higher in the dry thawing system (82.38 and 33.18%, respectively) compared to the water bath method (68.14 and 21.20%). Kinematic parameters, including VCL (79.41 vs. 66.49 μm/s), VAP (47.52 vs. 37.42 μm/s), and VSL (27.18 vs. 21.59 μm/s), were superior in the dry thawing system. Viability improved (82.2 vs. 73.7%), while morphological abnormalities were reduced (23.9 vs. 35.8%). DNA integrity metrics, such as Tail DNA (%; 77.37 vs. 81.11%) and Olive Tail Moment (15.28 vs. 16.93), also showed reduced damage.
The dry thawing system offers significant operational advantages, including portability, contamination-free operation, and consistent temperature maintenance, making it ideal for on-site applications. These features, combined with its ability to enhance sperm quality, highlight the dry thawing system as an effective alternative for poultry breeding. Its adoption could improve artificial insemination outcomes and address challenges associated with cryopreservation-induced damage during thawing.
冷冻保存广泛应用于商业家禽养殖中，但由于冷冻保存引起的损伤，常常会降低精子活力、存活率和DNA完整性。本研究评估了水浴和干式解冻系统对公鸡精子解冻后质量的影响，以应对这些挑战并探索提高精子质量的方法。
该研究比较了均在37°C下运行30秒的水浴和干式解冻系统的性能。解冻后评估包括精子活力、形态、运动学特征和DNA完整性。分析了诸如总活力、渐进性活力、曲线速度（VCL）、平均路径速度（VAP）、直线速度（VSL）、存活率、形态异常以及DNA损伤指标等关键参数。
与水浴法相比，干式解冻系统显著提高了精子质量。干式解冻系统中的总活力和渐进性活力（分别为82.38%和33.18%）高于水浴法（分别为68.14%和21.20%）。包括VCL（79.41对66.49μm/s）、VAP（47.52对37.42μm/s）和VSL（27.18对21.59μm/s）在内的运动学参数在干式解冻系统中更优。存活率提高（82.2%对73.7%），而形态异常减少（23.9%对35.8%）。DNA完整性指标，如尾部DNA（%；77.37对81.11%）和橄榄尾矩（15.28对16.93）也显示损伤减少。
干式解冻系统具有显著的操作优势，包括便携性、无污染操作和温度保持一致，使其非常适合现场应用。这些特性，再加上其提高精子质量的能力，突出了干式解冻系统作为家禽养殖有效替代方法的地位。采用该系统可以改善人工授精结果，并应对解冻过程中与冷冻保存引起的损伤相关的挑战。
