US Incidence and Demographics of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in the IRIS® Registry 2014-2021.

PURPOSE

To determine the incidence and demographics of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) in the United States using the IRIS® Registry (Intelligence Research in Sight).

DESIGN

Retrospective analysis of all patients with OSSN International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 9 and 10 Revision codes.

PARTICIPANTS

A total of 13 924 unique eyes from 13 383 patients.

METHODS

The ICD 9 and 10 revision codes were used to identify eyes with OSSN.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Incidence of OSSN, demographic information, diagnosis, risk factors, and frequency of use for current treatments.

RESULTS

The annual incidence from 2014 to 2021 in the IRIS Registry was 3.4 per 100 00 patient-years. The incidence within the registry of OSSN increased 2.9 times from 2014 to 2021. The average age was 67 years, with 88% of patients older than 50 years and 62% older than 65 years. Demographics of the affected cohort were 63.8% male, 65% White, and 10% Hispanic. Forty percent of patients with OSSN had a history of smoking, and 39% of patients were in southern US states based on US Census classification. Surgical excision was performed on 44% of OSSN eyes. Of the patients with primary topical therapy, 62% were treated with interferon (IFN) alfa-2b.

CONCLUSIONS

This study used the IRIS Registry as a database for the incidence and demographics of OSSN. Our demographic results are consistent with other studies showing a higher incidence in older, White, and male patients. This study demonstrated that as of 2021 there are at least 2100 new OSSN cases per year in the United States and that incidence increased from 2014 to 2021. The use of the topical immuno-chemotherapy IFN remained a popular treatment modality for OSSN from 2014 to 2021.

FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.