Basnawi Faten, Essa Ruba Abo, Alosaimi Aeshah, Alrshaid Bandar, Alshuhri Sabah, Almazrua Afnan, Alyabes Ohoud, Alsuhaibani Mohammed, Hussain Ibrahim Bin, Albanyan Esam, Alhajjar Sami, Aljumaah Suliman, Alghamdi Salem
King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Al-Yamamah Hospital, MOH, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Infect Dis Health. 2025 Nov;30(4):290-298. doi: 10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.006. Epub 2025 Apr 21.
This study explored the epidemiological trends and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bloodstream pathogens among pediatric patients over a 7-year period at a tertiary care facility in Saudi Arabia.
This retrospective single-center longitudinal descriptive study was conducted from 2015 to 2021. Blood culture and susceptibility data of pathogens isolated from patients aged <15 years were extracted from the hospital's laboratory information system. The trends observed over the 7-year period were graphically illustrated.
Among the 83,605 pediatric blood cultures analyzed, 2945 (3.5 %) tested positive. Approximately 65 % of the positive cultures were confirmed as true bloodstream infections (BSIs), with an average BSI rate of 3 per 1000 inpatient days. Gram-negative bacterial infections accounted for 61 % of BSIs, with Klebsiella spp. being the most prevalent. Susceptibility testing revealed reduced sensitivity to meropenem, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin among gram-negative bacteria. Gram-positive pathogens represented 39 % of infections, with the most common being Staphylococcus spp. (21 %) and Streptococcus spp. (7 %). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus exhibited 100 % sensitivity to vancomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, tigecycline, and linezolid. However, Streptococcus pneumoniae showed decreasing sensitivity to penicillin and ceftriaxone for meningitis (33 % and 55 % susceptibility, respectively). Furthermore, Enterococcus spp. were less susceptible against ampicillin, linezolid, levofloxacin, and vancomycin.
The findings of this study offer crucial insights into the incidence of pediatric bacteremia and trends in antibiotic susceptibility, which can inform treatment strategies, guide antibiotic stewardship programs, and enhance infection control measures in healthcare settings.
本研究探讨了沙特阿拉伯一家三级医疗机构7年间儿科患者血流病原体的流行病学趋势及抗菌药物敏感性模式。
本回顾性单中心纵向描述性研究于2015年至2021年开展。从医院实验室信息系统中提取了年龄<15岁患者分离出的病原体的血培养及药敏数据。以图表形式展示了7年间观察到的趋势。
在分析的83605份儿科血培养中，2945份（3.5%）检测呈阳性。约65%的阳性培养被确认为真正的血流感染（BSIs），平均BSI发生率为每1000住院日3例。革兰氏阴性菌感染占BSIs的61%，其中克雷伯菌属最为常见。药敏试验显示革兰氏阴性菌对美罗培南、亚胺培南、环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星的敏感性降低。革兰氏阳性病原体占感染的39%，最常见的是葡萄球菌属（21%）和链球菌属（7%）。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素、奎奴普丁/达福普汀、替加环素和利奈唑胺表现出100%的敏感性。然而，肺炎链球菌对脑膜炎患者的青霉素和头孢曲松的敏感性降低（敏感性分别为33%和55%）。此外，肠球菌属对氨苄西林、利奈唑胺、左氧氟沙星和万古霉素的敏感性较低。
本研究结果为儿科菌血症的发生率及抗生素敏感性趋势提供了重要见解，可为治疗策略提供参考，指导抗生素管理计划，并加强医疗机构的感染控制措施。
