Okpala Onyedika Emmanuel, Rondevaldova Johana, Kokoska Ladislav
Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia.
Front Pharmacol. 2025 Apr 8;16:1557333. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1557333. eCollection 2025.
The association and causal role of infectious agents in chronic inflammatory diseases have major implications for public health, treatment, and prevention. Pharmacological treatment of combined infectious and inflammatory diseases requires the administration of multiple drugs, including antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. However, this can cause adverse effects, and therefore, dual-action drugs need to be developed. Anti-inflammatory drugs that have already shown antimicrobial properties appear to be promising candidates. NSAIDs, namely aceclofenac, diclofenac, and ibuprofen, were tested in clinical trials with patients diagnosed with uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and cellulitis. The administration of ibuprofen, a drug tested in the highest number of studies, resulted in symptom resolution in patients with UTIs. Additionally, ibuprofen caused a high survival rate in mice infected with and demonstrated potent antibacterial effects against , , and including methicillin-resistant (MRSA) (MIC 0.625-2.5 mg/L). For most anti-inflammatory drugs, only data showing their and antimicrobial effects are available. Among these, auranofin caused a high survival rate in mice infected with and It also produced a strong growth-inhibitory effect against and (MIC 0.0015-5 mg/L). Similarly, aspirin caused a high survival rate in infected mice and strong to moderate activity against , , . , , and (MIC 1.2-5 mg/L). Moreover, topical application of celecoxib resulted in a high reduction in MRSA burden in mice. However, it only caused moderate effects against , and (MIC 16-64 mg/L). These data suggest that certain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are promising drug candidates for the development of dual-action drugs for the potential treatment of combined infectious and inflammatory diseases such as tuberculosis, musculoskeletal infections and UTIs. Nevertheless, future clinical trials must be conducted to ascertain the antibacterial effect of these NSAIDs before their practical use.
感染因子在慢性炎症性疾病中的关联及因果作用对公共卫生、治疗和预防具有重大影响。感染性与炎症性合并疾病的药物治疗需要使用多种药物，包括抗生素和抗炎药。然而，这可能会引起不良反应，因此，需要开发具有双重作用的药物。已显示出抗菌特性的抗炎药似乎是很有前景的候选药物。非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs），即醋氯芬酸、双氯芬酸和布洛芬，在对诊断为单纯性尿路感染（UTIs）和蜂窝织炎的患者进行的临床试验中进行了测试。布洛芬是在最多研究中进行测试的药物，其给药使UTIs患者的症状得到缓解。此外，布洛芬在感染金黄色葡萄球菌的小鼠中具有高存活率，并对金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）表现出强效抗菌作用（MIC 0.625 - 2.5mg/L）。对于大多数抗炎药，仅有显示其体外和体内抗菌作用的数据。其中，金诺芬在感染表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的小鼠中具有高存活率。它还对表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌产生强烈的生长抑制作用（MIC 0.0015 - 5mg/L）。同样，阿司匹林在感染小鼠中具有高存活率，并对金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌有强至中度的抗菌活性（MIC 1.2 - 5mg/L）。此外，塞来昔布的局部应用使小鼠体内的MRSA负荷大幅降低。然而，它仅对表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌产生中度抗菌作用（MIC 16 - 64mg/L）。这些数据表明，某些非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）是开发用于潜在治疗结核病、肌肉骨骼感染和UTIs等感染性与炎症性合并疾病的双重作用药物的有前景的候选药物。尽管如此，但在实际使用这些NSAIDs之前，必须进行进一步的临床试验以确定其抗菌效果。
