Barreto Rodrigo da Silva Nunes, Mançanares Ana Carolina Furlanetto, Miglino Maria Angelica, Meirelles Flávio Vieira, Oliveira Lilian de Jesus
RB Lab, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil.
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán 3780000, Chile.
Vet Sci. 2025 Feb 21;12(3):196. doi: 10.3390/vetsci12030196.
() gene expression in the placenta is modulated to tailor the maternal immune response to fetal antigens during pregnancy. This study evaluated MHC-I expression through immunohistochemistry (IHC) using an anti-mouse preimplantation embryo development (PED) clone Qa-2 and anti-bovine leukocyte antigen I (BoLA) monoclonal antibody clone IL-A88 ( = 23), as well as RT-qPCR ( = 17) for classical and non-classical () genes in control and cloned bovine placentomes during early and near-term gestation. Control samples showed minimal Qa-2 protein expression in early gestation, with intense labeling in trophoblasts and the maternal uterine epithelium near term. In contrast, cloned samples exhibited intense Qa-2 labeling in both maternal and trophoblastic epithelia at both stages, while trophoblast giant cells (TGCs), located apposed to the maternal epithelium, showed no labeling. Control samples exhibited intense IL-A88 labeling in the maternal epithelium at both stages. In cloned samples, weak to no labeling was observed in early gestation, with intense labeling in maternal and fetal epithelium near term. RT-qPCR revealed significant upregulation of in early gestation, with sustained elevated expression in cloned samples in the near term. These findings suggest that altered BoLA protein expression and gene regulation in cloned pregnancies may contribute to pregnancy complications and increased losses.
在怀孕期间，胎盘中的（）基因表达受到调节，以调整母体对胎儿抗原的免疫反应。本研究通过免疫组织化学（IHC）评估了MHC-I的表达，使用抗小鼠植入前胚胎发育（PED）克隆Qa-2和抗牛白细胞抗原I（BoLA）单克隆抗体克隆IL-A88（n = 23），以及通过逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR，n = 17）检测了对照和克隆牛胎盘在妊娠早期和接近足月时经典和非经典（）基因的情况。对照样本在妊娠早期显示Qa-2蛋白表达极少，在接近足月时滋养层细胞和母体子宫上皮细胞中有强烈标记。相比之下，克隆样本在两个阶段的母体和滋养层上皮细胞中均显示强烈的Qa-2标记，而与母体上皮细胞相邻的滋养层巨细胞（TGCs）则无标记。对照样本在两个阶段的母体上皮细胞中均显示强烈的IL-A88标记。在克隆样本中，妊娠早期观察到弱阳性至无标记，接近足月时母体和胎儿上皮细胞中有强烈标记。RT-qPCR显示在妊娠早期显著上调，在克隆样本接近足月时持续高表达。这些发现表明，克隆妊娠中BoLA蛋白表达和基因调控的改变可能导致妊娠并发症和流产增加。
