Elsbaay Atef M, Ismail N K, Karawya Mohamed Y, Ragab Ahmed M, Kassem Mona M
Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt.
Bio-Eng. Res. Systems Dept., Agric. Eng. Res. Inst. (AEnRI), Agric. Res Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 23;15(1):14155. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-97095-z.
The aim of the present study on the performance of aquaponics systems is to provide a solution to several sustainability issues and obtain organic food free of chemical contaminants. Where, the water quality for rearing Nile tilapia fish is evaluated in three tanks (T, T and T). In addition, assess the best growth media of the lettuce plant (Lactuca sativa) in boxes of wood, such as the first box was Crushed Stone (CS), the second box was Crushed Gravel + Crushed Stone (CG + CS), and the third box was Crushed Gravel (CG)) for growing lettuce and also used as a filter to improve water quality. The main experimental work of the present study was carried out during the period from September 2022 to April 2023. The experimental system was designed, fabricated, and implemented in the laboratory at the Al Gamaleya Center (31°51'56.7 N and 31°10'44.2 E), Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. Fish growth parameters were measured in terms of weight and weight gain weekly, and fish growth indicators and water quality indicators of the system were calculated weekly in the three tanks for 17 weeks, and also lettuce crop quality indicators were measured for the three boxes. For water quality indicators, dissolved oxygen (DO), toxic ammonia (NH), pH, temperature, total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity were analysed. In addition, lettuce growth parameters were measured in the three boxes with the three different media by leaf number, leaf width, leaf length and root diameter. The effect of fish growth environment (tanks), time, and their interaction as independent variables on water quality indicators were studied. The results indicated that growth rate for fish and lettuce was better in the third tank and third box respectively. However, the current results also showed that the levels recorded in the three tanks for water quality indicators do not exceed the permissible levels required for fish farming and production, but third unit (tank + box) had the best overall result for all parameters under study and where, it was the best in general. The most important results of this analysis were the significant p-values for the indicators NH and DO with T, and t. The interaction T*t was not significant for DO and significant for NH. The R values were 0.914 and 0.873 respectively for the growth indicators as follows: NH and DO respectively.
本研究关于鱼菜共生系统性能的目的是为几个可持续性问题提供解决方案，并获得不含化学污染物的有机食品。在此，在三个水箱（T、T和T）中评估养殖尼罗罗非鱼的水质。此外，评估生菜（Lactuca sativa）在木箱中的最佳生长介质，例如第一个箱子是碎石（CS），第二个箱子是碎砾石+碎石（CG+CS），第三个箱子是碎砾石（CG），用于种植生菜，同时也用作过滤器以改善水质。本研究的主要实验工作在2022年9月至2023年4月期间进行。实验系统在埃及达卡利亚省Al Gamaleya中心（北纬31°51'56.7，东经31°10'44.2）的实验室中设计、制造和实施。每周测量鱼的生长参数，包括体重和体重增加，并在三个水箱中每周计算系统的鱼生长指标和水质指标，为期17周，同时也测量三个箱子中生菜作物的质量指标。对于水质指标，分析溶解氧（DO）、有毒氨（NH）、pH值、温度、总溶解固体和电导率。此外，在装有三种不同介质的三个箱子中，通过叶片数量、叶片宽度、叶片长度和根直径测量生菜的生长参数。研究了鱼生长环境（水箱）、时间及其作为自变量的相互作用对水质指标的影响。结果表明，鱼和生菜的生长率分别在第三个水箱和第三个箱子中更好。然而，目前的结果还表明，三个水箱中记录的水质指标水平未超过养鱼和生产所需的允许水平，但第三个单元（水箱+箱子）在所有研究参数方面总体结果最佳，并且总体上是最好的。该分析最重要的结果是NH和DO指标与T和t的显著p值。DO的Tt相互作用不显著，NH的Tt相互作用显著。生长指标的R值分别为0.914和0.873，如下所示：NH和DO。
