Grata Aline, Levayer Romain
Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3738, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
J Cell Sci. 2025 Apr 15;138(8). doi: 10.1242/jcs.263786. Epub 2025 Apr 24.
The robustness and plasticity of epithelial tissues rely on the capacity of such tissues to eliminate cells without affecting their sealing. This is achieved by epithelial cell extrusion - a well-orchestrated series of remodelling steps involving the eliminated cell and its neighbours - which ensures the constant maintenance of mechanical and chemical barrier properties while allowing cell expulsion. In this Cell Science at a Glance and the accompanying poster, we describe the remodelling steps that take place within dying or extruding cells, as well as neighbouring cells, outlining the commonalities and variations between tissues and organisms. These steps include reorganization of the cytoskeleton and remodelling of cell-cell junctions that alters their contribution to mechanical coupling and mechanotransduction. We also discuss larger-scale coordination between cells and the contribution of cell extrusion to tissue morphogenesis, epithelial surveillance mechanisms, and pathologies such as cancer and chronic inflammation. Altogether, we outline the complexity and plasticity of this minimalist morphogenetic process.
上皮组织的稳健性和可塑性依赖于此类组织在不影响其密封的情况下清除细胞的能力。这是通过上皮细胞挤压来实现的——这是一系列精心编排的重塑步骤，涉及被清除的细胞及其相邻细胞——从而确保在允许细胞排出的同时，机械和化学屏障特性得以持续维持。在本期“细胞科学一览”及随附的海报中，我们描述了垂死或正在被挤压的细胞以及相邻细胞内发生的重塑步骤，概述了不同组织和生物体之间的共性与差异。这些步骤包括细胞骨架的重组以及细胞间连接的重塑，这会改变它们对机械耦合和机械转导的作用。我们还讨论了细胞间更大规模的协调以及细胞挤压对组织形态发生、上皮监测机制和诸如癌症与慢性炎症等病症的影响。总之，我们概述了这个极简形态发生过程的复杂性和可塑性。
