Su Qi, Wang Jingrong, Huangfu Yini, Gao Rui, Kong Pengxu, Gao Yu, Song Huijuan, Zhang Ju, Huang Pingsheng, Zhang Chuangnian, Feng Zujian, Kong Deling, Wang Weiwei
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102200, China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Jun;12(21):e2415886. doi: 10.1002/advs.202415886. Epub 2025 Apr 24.
Cell therapy is a promising approach in regenerative medicine. However, maintaining the survival and function of injected or implanted therapeutic cells remains a substantial challenge to success. In vivo modulatory strategy for cell therapeutics has been recently developed, but suffers from limited regenerative efficacy in injured tissue microenvironment with chronic inflammation. Here, an off-the-shelf artificial macrophage (artM) assembled by M2 macrophages-derived lysate proteins-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres coated by macrophage cell membrane is developed. The synthetic artM fabricated in batches maintains its bioactivity with long-term cryostorage. Significantly, artM recapitulates the essential inflammation-regulatory and proregenerative characteristics of endogenous macrophages, including initiating M2 macrophage polarization, resolving excessive inflammation by releasing anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, neutralizing endotoxins and proinflammatory cytokines, augmenting T-helper 2 (T2) immune response, and coordinating cell migration and proliferation. In mouse model of deep tissue pressure injury (DTPI), the artM induces tissue regeneration by modulating the inflammatory microenvironment, promoting angiogenesis, reducing scar deposition, and accelerating the renewal of skin appendages. Depletion of macrophages in mice with skin ulcers highlights the immunomodulatory and proangiogenic functions of artM as effective as autogenous macrophages. Collectively, the engineered artM represents a cell-free, proreparative alternative to immune cell therapy in chronic wound management.
细胞疗法是再生医学中一种很有前景的方法。然而,维持注射或植入的治疗性细胞的存活和功能仍然是成功的一大挑战。细胞治疗的体内调节策略最近已被开发出来,但在慢性炎症的损伤组织微环境中,其再生效果有限。在此,我们开发了一种即用型人工巨噬细胞(artM),它由负载M2巨噬细胞衍生裂解物蛋白的聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物(PLGA)微球组装而成,并被巨噬细胞膜包裹。批量制备的合成artM在长期冷冻保存后仍能保持其生物活性。值得注意的是,artM概括了内源性巨噬细胞的基本炎症调节和促再生特性,包括启动M2巨噬细胞极化、通过释放抗炎细胞因子和生长因子解决过度炎症、中和内毒素和促炎细胞因子、增强辅助性T细胞2(T2)免疫反应以及协调细胞迁移和增殖。在深部组织压力损伤(DTPI)小鼠模型中,artM通过调节炎症微环境、促进血管生成、减少瘢痕沉积和加速皮肤附属器的更新来诱导组织再生。皮肤溃疡小鼠体内巨噬细胞的耗竭突出了artM与自体巨噬细胞一样有效的免疫调节和促血管生成功能。总的来说,工程化的artM代表了慢性伤口管理中免疫细胞治疗的一种无细胞、促修复的替代方法。