胚胎祖细胞和成人干细胞来源的细胞外囊泡中衰老相关微小RNA的鉴定

Identification of Senomorphic miRNAs in Embryonic Progenitor and Adult Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.

作者信息

Zhang Tianpeng, Nunes Allancer D C, Lee Jieun, Larocca Dana, Camussi Giovanni, Lim Sai Kiang, Bascones Vicky U, Angelini Luise, O'Kelly Ryan D, Dong Xiao, Niedernhofer Laura J, Robbins Paul D

机构信息

Masonic Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

出版信息

Aging Cell. 2025 Apr 24:e70071. doi: 10.1111/acel.70071.

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by most cell types, transmitting crucial signaling molecules like proteins, small RNAs, and DNA. We previously demonstrated that EVs from murine and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) functioned as senomorphics to suppress markers of senescence and the inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in cell culture and in aged mice. Here we demonstrate that EVs from additional types of human adult stem cells and embryonic progenitor cells have a senomorphic activity. Based on their miRNA profiles showing prevalence in stem cell EVs versus nonstem cell EVs and the number of age-related genes targeted, we identified eight miRNAs as potential senomorphic miRNAs. Analysis of these miRNAs by transfection into etoposide-induced senescent IMR90 human fibroblasts revealed that each of the miRNAs alone regulated specific senescence and SASP markers, but none had complete senomorphic activity. Evaluation of ~300 combinations of miRNAs for senotherapeutic activity identified a senomorphic cocktail of miR-181a-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-21-5p, and miR-186-5p that markedly reduced the expression of p16, p21, IL-1β, and IL-6 and the percentage of SA-ß-gal-positive cells. Transcriptome analysis identified multiple pathways affected by the miRNA cocktail, including cellular senescence and inhibition of PCAF and HIPK2 in the p53 signaling pathway. Finally, treatment of aged mice with liposomes containing the four miRNA cocktail suppressed markers of senescence and inflammation in multiple tissues. These studies suggest that EVs derived from stem cells suppress senescence and inflammation, at least in part, through miRNAs and that a senomorphic miRNA cocktail could be used to target senescence and inflammation to extend health span.

摘要

细胞外囊泡(EVs)由大多数细胞类型分泌,可传递蛋白质、小RNA和DNA等关键信号分子。我们之前证明,来自小鼠和人间充质干细胞(MSCs)的细胞外囊泡具有衰老调节因子的功能,可在细胞培养和老年小鼠中抑制衰老标志物以及炎症性衰老相关分泌表型(SASP)。在此,我们证明来自其他类型人类成体干细胞和胚胎祖细胞的细胞外囊泡具有衰老调节活性。基于其微小RNA(miRNA)谱显示在干细胞来源的细胞外囊泡中比非干细胞来源的细胞外囊泡更普遍,以及所靶向的与年龄相关基因的数量,我们鉴定出8种miRNA作为潜在的衰老调节miRNA。通过将这些miRNA转染到依托泊苷诱导衰老的IMR90人成纤维细胞中进行分析,结果显示每种miRNA单独作用时可调节特定的衰老和SASP标志物,但均不具有完全的衰老调节活性。对约300种miRNA组合进行衰老治疗活性评估,确定了一种由miR-181a-5p、miR-92a-3p、miR-21-5p和miR-186-5p组成的衰老调节miRNA组合,该组合显著降低了p16、p21、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的表达以及衰老相关β-半半半酶(SA-β-gal)阳性细胞的百分比。转录组分析确定了受该miRNA组合影响的多个途径,包括细胞衰老以及p53信号通路中PCAF和HIPK2的抑制。最后,用含有这四种miRNA组合的脂质体治疗老年小鼠,可抑制多个组织中的衰老和炎症标志物。这些研究表明,源自干细胞的细胞外囊泡至少部分通过miRNA抑制衰老和炎症,并且一种衰老调节miRNA组合可用于靶向衰老和炎症以延长健康寿命。

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